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'''Transylvania''' is a central region of [[Romania]].  The name derives from [[Latin]] and can be translated as either "beyond the forest" or "densely forested".

'''Transylvania''' is a mountainous central region of [[Romania]].  The name derives from [[Latin]] and can be translated as either "beyond the forest" or "densely forested".

Historically Transylvania was headed by a monarchy (''voivode'', variously translated as prince, duke or count), but was not an independent nation.  Instead it was part of the Kingdom of [[Hungary]], or, during the 17th century, part of the [[Turkish]] [[Ottoman Empire]].  The [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] collapsed after the [[First World War]] and a united Romania was created in 1920, including Transylvania, which had a mixed population of Romanians, Hungarians, Germans and others. In 1940 a large part of Transylvania was ceded to Hungary, but this was reversed in 1945.

Historically Transylvania was headed by a monarchy (''voivode'', variously translated as prince, duke or count), but was not an independent nation.  Instead it was part of the Kingdom of [[Hungary]], or, during the 17th century, part of the [[Turkish]] [[Ottoman Empire]].  The [[Austro-Hungarian Empire]] collapsed after the [[First World War]] and a united Romania was created in 1920, including Transylvania, which had a mixed population of Romanians, Hungarians, Germans and others. In 1940 a large part of Transylvania was ceded to Hungary, but this was reversed in 1945.