| − | '''Umma''' is a community of the faithful in [[Islam]]. It was a major change in seventh century Arabia where kinship instead of religion determined community membership.<ref>The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History, Bulliet et al, 2005.</ref> | + | '''Umma''' is the community of the faithful in [[Islam]]. It was a major change in seventh century Arabia where kinship instead of religion determined community membership.<ref>The Earth and Its Peoples A Global History, Bulliet et al, 2005.</ref> |