4,781
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: − + + Line 5:
Line 6: − + + + + + + + + + + + + + + +
Mustafa Kemal Ataturk (view source)
Revision as of 06:50, September 16, 2008
, 06:50, September 16, 2008merging with Kamal Ataturk
'''Mustafa Kemal Atatürk''' (1881–1938) was the military founder of modern [[Turkey]], and its first president. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]]. When the [[Allies]] defeated the [[Ottoman Empire]] and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the [[Turkish War of Independence]].
[[Image:Kamal.jpg|right|240px]]
'''Kamal Atatürk''' or '''Mustafa Kemal Atatürk''' ((May 19, 1881 – November 10, 1938) was an army officer, revolutionary statesman, the founder of the Republic of [[Turkey]] and its first [[President]]. He was a successful division commander in the [[Battle of Gallipoli]]. When the [[Allies]] defeated the [[Ottoman Empire]] and arranged for its partition, he led a rebellion in the [[Turkish War of Independence]]. From Sep 9, 1923 to Nov 10, 1938, he was also leader of the Republican People's Party.
Kemal deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923. It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are [[Muslim]] [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Kemal established a [[secular state|secular rule]] based on a strong military. He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions. As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections.
Kemal deposed the last sultan of the [[Ottoman Empire]] in 1922 and became president of Turkey in 1923. It is estimated that over 99% of Turks are [[Muslim]] [https://www.cia.gov/cia/publications/factbook/geos/tu.html#People], but Kemal established a [[secular state|secular rule]] based on a strong military. He abolished Islamic courts and gave women the right to vote and hold government positions. As a result of his efforts, Turkey is the only Muslim country to independently hold democratic elections.
[[Samuel Huntington]] defines "Kamalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without [[Westernization]].
[[Samuel Huntington]] defines "Kamalism" as a response to attempts at "reconciliation of Islam and modernity', or to modernise Islam without [[Westernization]].
==Reference==
<blockquote>
''The National Assembly which first convened on 23 April 1920 in Ankara was the first clue to the Turkish Republic. The successful management of the War of Independence by this assembly accelerated the founding of the new Turkish State. On 1 November 1922, the offices of the Sultan and caliph were severed from one other and the former was abolished. There was no longer any administrative ties with the Ottoman Empire. On 29 October 1923, Turkish Republic was formally proclaimed and Atatürk was unanimously elected as its first President. On 30 October 1923, the first government of the Republic was formed by İsmet İnönü. Turkish Republic started to grow on the foundations of the twin principles "Sovereignty, unconditionally belongs to the nation" and "peace at home, peace in the world,"'' [http://www.ataturk.com/content/view/24/43/ Biography of Atatürk]
</blockquote>
== See also ==
*[[Pervez Musharraf]]
== External links ==
*[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j-4KKL7AYYA Ataturk-Republic of Turkiye]
*[http://www.beautifulislam.net/articles/kamal_ataturk.htm Kamal Ataturk] Despot and dictator.
*Samuel P Huntington, ''The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order'', New York: Touchtone, 1997. [http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html]
*Samuel P Huntington, ''The Clash of Civilizations and the Remaking of World Order'', New York: Touchtone, 1997. [http://www.foreignaffairs.org/19930601faessay5188/samuel-p-huntington/the-clash-of-civilizations.html]
==References==
{{reflist}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Atatürk, Mustafa Kemal}}
[[Category:Turkey]]
[[Category:Turkey]]