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| − | '''Nausea''' is the sensation of having an urge to [[vomit]]. Vomiting is forcing the contents of the stomach up through the [[esophagus]] and out of the [[mouth]]. The body has a few main ways to respond to an ever-changing, wide variety of invaders and irritants. Sneezing ejects the intruders from the [[nose]], [[cough]]ing from the [[lung]]s and [[throat]], [[diarrhea]] from the [[intestine]]s, and vomiting from the [[stomach]].
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| − | Vomiting is a forceful action accomplished by a fierce, disgusting contraction of the [[diaphragm]]. At the same time, the abdominal [[muscle]]s tighten against a relaxed stomach with an open "cardiac [[sphincter]]". The contents of the stomach are propelled up and out. [[Saliva]]tion may increase just before vomiting. Vomiting is a complex, coordinated [[reflex]] orchestrated by the vomiting center of the [[brain]]. It responds to signals coming from:
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| − | * The [[mouth]], [[stomach]], and [[intestine]]s
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| − | * The balancing systems in the ear (motion sickness)
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| − | * The brain itself, including unsettling sights, smells, or thoughts
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| − | An amazing variety of situations can trigger vomiting, from a [[migraine]] headache to a [[roller coaster]] ride to a spoon down the back of the throat, (this stimulates the gag reflex). Sometimes, just seeing someone else vomit will start one vomiting. One should remember, however, that vomiting is common. Almost all children will vomit several times a year during their childhood. In most cases, it is due to a viral gastrointestinal infection or simply eating too much candy.
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| − | The following are possible causes of vomiting:
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| − | * Viral infections
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| − | * Medications
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| − | * Seasickness or motion sickness
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| − | * Migraine headaches
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| − | * Morning sickness during pregnancy
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| − | * Food poisoning
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| − | * Food allergies
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| − | * Brain tumors
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| − | * Chemotherapy in cancer patients
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| − | * Imbibing too much [[alcohol]]
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| | Nausea derives from [[Latin]] and is the plural of ''nauseum''. It has the same root as natation, the sense or act of [[swim]]ming. The singular form of the word appears in English in phrases such as: "He talked about life insurance ''ad nauseum''", implying the speaker has said more than the listener wants to hear. Since nausea is already plural, it is not correct to write ''nauseas'', for the same reason it is not correct to write ''datas'', ''medias'', or ''magmas''. | | Nausea derives from [[Latin]] and is the plural of ''nauseum''. It has the same root as natation, the sense or act of [[swim]]ming. The singular form of the word appears in English in phrases such as: "He talked about life insurance ''ad nauseum''", implying the speaker has said more than the listener wants to hear. Since nausea is already plural, it is not correct to write ''nauseas'', for the same reason it is not correct to write ''datas'', ''medias'', or ''magmas''. |