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American History Lecture Seven (view source)

Revision as of 18:34, October 19, 2008

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→‎Yankee Ingenuity: finished
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A biographer credited Edison's "highly individualistic style of acquiring knowledge that eventually led him to question scores of the prevailing theories on the workings of electricity."<ref name="Edison"/>
 
A biographer credited Edison's "highly individualistic style of acquiring knowledge that eventually led him to question scores of the prevailing theories on the workings of electricity."<ref name="Edison"/>
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Bessemer Process 1870s: new process made steel easy to produce
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There were other marvelous inventions or engineering feats in the second half of the 19th century.  The Brooklyn Bridge, which still stands today on the east side of lower Manhattan (connecting it with Brooklyn), is a cable suspension bridge that was completed in 1883.  It was remarkable at its time, and heralded in many new suspension bridges to span across waterways.  Soon the Brooklyn Bridge enabled the transportation of 33 million persons a year, and that was before the arrival of automobiles!
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Brooklyn Bridge "1883: cable suspension bridge in lower Manhattan, connecting it to Brooklyn, soon supported 33M persons/yr"
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Not every invention was American, but often the Americans ("Yankees") are best at making the creation practical and most productive.  Henry Bessemer of England invented a means for converting molten pig iron into valuable steel, which was called the "Bessemer process."  The process removes impurities from the molten iron by oxidizing it with air that is blown through it.  In the 1870s Americans built steel mills, particularly in Pennsylvania, to take advantage of this process and produce large quantities of steel.  Those steel mills brought wealth to Pennsylvania for a century, until cheaper labor in Asia and a lack of protective tariffs drove those mills out of business.
    
== Before 1880 ==
 
== Before 1880 ==
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