Changes

Christianity continued to grow in power based on the feudal system.  The Christians defeated the Muslims in Spain in 1085 at the battle of Toledo, beginning the process of converting Spain back to Christianity after hundreds of years of Moslem rule.   

Christianity continued to grow in power based on the feudal system.  The Christians defeated the Muslims in Spain in 1085 at the battle of Toledo, beginning the process of converting Spain back to Christianity after hundreds of years of Moslem rule.   

Several strict Christian religious orders were established in the 1000s in Europe, including the Carthusian Order (1086) and the Cistercian Order (1098).  There are monks today who continue to belong to these orders.  Both orders require silence and vegetarianism, in addition to giving up all worldly possessions.  The Carthusians lived like hermits; the Cistercians spread Christianity and western farming knowledge to Eastern Europe, hosting many retreats for citizens to attend and participate in a week or weekend of prayer and learning.  At its peak, the Cistercians had over 700 monasteries.  The first university in the world was established in 1088:  the University of Bologna in Italy.

Several strict Christian religious orders were established in the 1000s in Europe, including the Carthusian Order (1086) and the Cistercian Order (1098).  There are monks today who continue to belong to these orders.  Both orders require silence and vegetarianism, in addition to giving up all worldly possessions.  The Carthusians lived like hermits; the Cistercians spread Christianity and western farming knowledge to Eastern Europe, hosting many retreats for citizens to attend and participate in a week or weekend of prayer and learning.  At its peak, the Cistercians had over 700 monasteries.  The first university in the world outside Muslim realms was established in 1088:  the University of Bologna in Italy.

   

   

Capping the end of the 1000s was the capture by the Christians of Jerusalem.  This was the greatest success of the Crusades, which we discuss next.

Capping the end of the 1000s was the capture by the Christians of Jerusalem.  This was the greatest success of the Crusades, which we discuss next.