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A scientific or logical theory cannot permit any counterexamples. Therefore, the [[theory of evolution|theory of evolution by natural selection acting upon random mutation]] must be able to explain the origins of all things in terms of a purely mechanistic view (i.e., natural selection). Although the twin tenets of common descent and natural selection themselves are very well-supported by evidence and non-controversial<ref>Behe, Michael, ''The Edge of Evolution'', 2007</ref>, the ability of random mutation to give rise to large-scale adaptations remains in doubt.  

A scientific or logical theory cannot permit any counterexamples. Therefore, the [[theory of evolution|theory of evolution by natural selection acting upon random mutation]] must be able to explain the origins of all things in terms of a purely mechanistic view. Although natural selection itself is very well-supported by evidence and non-controversial, the ability of random mutations to generate all the new information that evolution requires has never been demonstrated.  

The following are some counterexamples to the abilities of random mutation.  If just one cannot be explained by the idea, then logically the theory of evolution as it is must be inadequate.

The following are some counterexamples to the abilities of random mutation.  If just one cannot be explained by the idea, then logically the theory of evolution as it is must be inadequate.