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| | *Agricultural Adjustment Act, which tried to raise prices and limit farm production by paying farmers not to farm land; this was later declared unconstitutional | | *Agricultural Adjustment Act, which tried to raise prices and limit farm production by paying farmers not to farm land; this was later declared unconstitutional |
| | *Federal Emergency Relief Act, which provided work on projects such as building roads, airports, schools, playgrounds and parks | | *Federal Emergency Relief Act, which provided work on projects such as building roads, airports, schools, playgrounds and parks |
| − | *Tennessee Valley Act, which bought, built and operated dams, generated & sold electric power, provided flood control, and withdrew bad land from farming; it also set up the Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) and used its power rates to regulate private rates, which interfered with free enterprise | + | *Tennessee Valley Act, which bought, built and operated dams, generated & sold electric power, provided flood control, and withdrew bad land from farming |
| | + | *Tennessee Valley Authority (TVA) set up by the Tennessee Valley Act, regulated the rates charged by power companies |
| | *Farm-Credit Act, which provided funding for farm mortgages | | *Farm-Credit Act, which provided funding for farm mortgages |
| | *Glass-Steagall Banking Act, which established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) to insure deposits in banks in order to stabilize the banking system | | *Glass-Steagall Banking Act, which established the Federal Deposit Insurance Corp. (FDIC) to insure deposits in banks in order to stabilize the banking system |
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| | Works Progress Administration employed 8.5 million persons between 1935 and 1943 building public works | | Works Progress Administration employed 8.5 million persons between 1935 and 1943 building public works |
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| − | Schecter Poultry v. U.S. 1935: S. Ct. declares Nat'l Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional because it delegated too much power to agency
| + | Wagner Act in 1935: gives unions rights, promotes their growth; prohibit employer interference, estab. Nat'l Labor Relations Board" |
| − | Wagner Act "1935: gives unions rights, promotes their growth; prohibit employer interference, estab. Nat'l Labor Relations Board" | + | |
| | Social Security Act 1935: provided old age insurance from tax on wages and tax on employers; biggest federal program now | | Social Security Act 1935: provided old age insurance from tax on wages and tax on employers; biggest federal program now |
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| | Congress of Indust. Organ. (CIO) "1935: labor group formed by fiery John Lewis and garment trade unions, later included auto and steelworkers" | | Congress of Indust. Organ. (CIO) "1935: labor group formed by fiery John Lewis and garment trade unions, later included auto and steelworkers" |
| − | Fair Labor Standards Act 1938: abolished child labor and set national minimum wage ($.40 per hour) and the 40 hr week | + | |
| | + | Fair Labor Standards Act in 1938: abolished child labor and set national minimum wage ($.40 per hour) and the 40 hr week |
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| | Trade Agreements Act 1934: amended the Tariff Act of 1930 (Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act) to give authority to negotiate mutual tariff reductions | | Trade Agreements Act 1934: amended the Tariff Act of 1930 (Smoot-Hawley Tariff Act) to give authority to negotiate mutual tariff reductions |
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| | Neutrality Act 1935: forbids sale of arms to all belligerents if Pres. says a state of war exists; designed to keep us at peace | | Neutrality Act 1935: forbids sale of arms to all belligerents if Pres. says a state of war exists; designed to keep us at peace |
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| − | The New Deal did '''not''' help lift the nation out of the Great Depression. The economy improved a little from 1933 to 1940, but the depression never really ended. In 1937, FDR became so frustrated with the Supreme Court's invalidation of his New Deal programs that he proposed his "court-packing" scheme to appoint new Justices to the Supreme Court who would be favorable to him. Even members of FDR's own Democratic Party opposed this violation of the checks and balances in the Constitution, and FDR lost much of his credibility. He weakened himself with this proposal, which never passed. | + | The New Deal did '''not''' help lift the nation out of the Great Depression. The economy improved a little from 1933 to 1940, but the depression never really ended. FDR became furious with the Supreme Court's invalidation of his New Deal programs (e.g., in ''Schecter Poultry v. U.S.'' (1935), the Supreme Court declared the National Industrial Recovery Act unconstitutional because it delegated too much power to agency). By 1937 FDR was so angry that he proposed his "court-packing" scheme to appoint new Justices to the Supreme Court who would be favorable to him. This shocked even FDR's own Democratic Party, which then opposed FDR's flagrant violation of the checks and balances in the Constitution, and as a result FDR lost much of his credibility. He weakened himself with this proposal, which never passed, and FDR himself could not persuade Congress to do anything more for his program. |
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| | The only end to the Great Depression was going to be our entry into war: World War II. | | The only end to the Great Depression was going to be our entry into war: World War II. |