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==Main letters==

==Main letters==

The modern Greek alphabet and its corresponding pronunciations in the [[IPA|International Phonetic Alphabet]] are as follow:<ref name="alexandro">http://www.geocities.com/alexandrosworld/Greek/Phonology.html</ref><ref>Pronunciations separated by a hyphen indicate a phonetic difference depending on the following vowel. On the left is the pronunciation before /ε/ and /i/, on the right the pronunciation before /a/, /ɔ/, or /u/. In the case of iota, the difference depends on whether it is word initial before a vowel.</ref>

The modern Greek alphabet and its corresponding pronunciations in the [[IPA|International Phonetic Alphabet]] are as follow:<ref name="alexandro">http://www.geocities.com/alexandrosworld/Greek/Phonology.html</ref><ref>Pronunciations separated by a slash indicate a phonetic difference depending on the following vowel. On the left is the pronunciation before [e] and [i], on the right the pronunciation before [a], [ɔ], or [u]. In the case of iota, the difference depends on whether it is word initial before a vowel.</ref>

{| align=center cellpadding=10 style="text-align:center;"

{| align=center cellpadding=10 style="text-align:center;"

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|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||[[Alpha]]<br />Αα<br />/a/||[[Beta]]<br />Ββ<br />/v/||[[Gamma]]<br />Γγ<br />/ʝ/-/ɣ/||[[Delta (letter)|Delta]]<br />Δδ<br />/ð/||Epsilon<br />Εε<br />/ε/||Zeta<br />Ζζ<br />/z/||Eta<br />Ηη<br />/i/||Theta<br />Θθ<br />/θ/||

|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||[[Alpha]]<br />Αα<br />[a]||[[Beta]]<br />Ββ<br />[v]||[[Gamma]]<br />Γγ<br />[ʝ]/[ɣ]||[[Delta (letter)|Delta]]<br />Δδ<br />[ð]||Epsilon<br />Εε<br />[ε]||Zeta<br />Ζζ<br />[z]||Eta<br />Ηη<br />[i]||Theta<br />Θθ<br />[θ]||

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|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||Iota<br />Ιι<br />/i/-/j/||Kappa<br />Κκ<br />/c/-/k/||Lambda<br />Λλ<br />/l/||[[Mu (Greek letter)|Mu]]<br />Μμ<br />/m/||Nu<br />Νν<br />/n/||Xi<br />Ξξ<br />/ks/||Omicron<br />Οο<br />/ɔ/||[[Pi]]<br />Ππ<br />/p/||

|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||Iota<br />Ιι<br />[i]/[j]||Kappa<br />Κκ<br />[c]/[k]||Lambda<br />Λλ<br />[l]||[[Mu (Greek letter)|Mu]]<br />Μμ<br />[m]||Nu<br />Νν<br />[n]||Xi<br />Ξξ<br />[ks]||Omicron<br />Οο<br />[ɔ]||[[Pi]]<br />Ππ<br />[p]||

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|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||Rho<br />Ρρ<br />/ɾ/||Sigma<br />Σσς<br />/s/||Tau<br />Ττ<br />/t/||Upsilon<br />Υυ<br />/i/||Phi<br />Φφ<br />/f/||Chi<br />Χχ<br />/ç/-/χ/||Psi<br />Ψψ<br />/ps/||[[Omega]]<br />Ωω<br />/ɔ/||

|align="left"|'''Name'''<br />'''Letter'''<br />'''IPA'''||Rho<br />Ρρ<br />[ɾ]||Sigma<br />Σσς<br />[s]||Tau<br />Ττ<br />[t]||Upsilon<br />Υυ<br />[i]||Phi<br />Φφ<br />[f]||Chi<br />Χχ<br />[ç]/[χ]||Psi<br />Ψψ<br />[ps]||[[Omega]]<br />Ωω<br />[ɔ]||

|}

|}

==Pronunciation==

==Pronunciation==

In many cases, the modern phonetic values of the letters match the pronunciation of the initial letter (or letter clusters) of their names in English. However, some letters have shifted in pronunciation since ancient times, so this is not always the case. For example, in Ancient Greek, the letter beta was pronounced /b/.<ref>http://www.omniglot.com/writing/greek.htm</ref>

In many cases, the modern phonetic values of the letters match the pronunciation of the initial letter (or letter clusters) of their names in English. However, some letters have shifted in pronunciation since ancient times, so this is not always the case. For example, in Ancient Greek, the letter beta was pronounced [b].<ref>http://www.omniglot.com/writing/greek.htm</ref>

Digraphs are formed to signify sounds not covered by the main alphabet (e.g., ντ for /d/, μπ for /b/, or ου for /u/), or to represent diphthongs (e.g., αυ for /af/ and /av/).<ref name="alexandro" />

Digraphs are formed to signify sounds not covered by the main alphabet (e.g., ντ for [d], μπ for [b], or ου for [u]), or to represent diphthongs (e.g., αυ for [af] and [av]).<ref name="alexandro" />

==Obsolete letters==

==Obsolete letters==

The original Greek alphabet included the letters digamma<ref>Earlier known as "wau" (ϝαυ)</ref> (Ϝϝ), san (Ϻϻ), and qoppa (Ϙϙ).<ref>http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/nonattic.html</ref> Digamma was dropped due to the loss of the sound it represented in Greek (/w/), and san and qoppa were dropped in favor of sigma and kappa. Digamma and Qoppa were preserved in certain Western dialects, and eventually evolved into the Latin letters F and Q.<ref>http://www.fonts.com/AboutFonts/Articles/Letterseries/LetterQ.htm</ref> Qoppa is still used occasionally as a Greek numeral, albeit in a different form (Ϟϟ).<ref>http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/numerals.html</ref>

The original Greek alphabet included the letters digamma<ref>Earlier known as "wau" (ϝαυ)</ref> (Ϝϝ), san (Ϻϻ), and qoppa (Ϙϙ).<ref>http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/nonattic.html</ref> Digamma was dropped due to the loss of the sound it represented in Greek ([w]), and san and qoppa were dropped in favor of sigma and kappa. Digamma and Qoppa were preserved in certain Western dialects, and eventually evolved into the Latin letters F and Q.<ref>http://www.fonts.com/AboutFonts/Articles/Letterseries/LetterQ.htm</ref> Qoppa is still used occasionally as a Greek numeral, albeit in a different form (Ϟϟ).<ref>http://www.tlg.uci.edu/~opoudjis/unicode/numerals.html</ref>

==Other uses==

==Other uses==