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The '''Head of State''' is the individual who is designated the most senior leader of a nation and who represents the national leadership in constitutional and international relations.
Heads of State fall into a number of categories. They can be elected or nominated [[President]]s, unelected [[monarch]]s, and elected [[Pope]]s. In addition, while some heads of state do wield considerable executive power (such as the Presidents of the [[United States]] and [[France]]), others have more limited powers and serve mainly as a figurehead (such as the Presidents of [[Germany]] and [[Ireland]]). Most monarchies in the world today are [[constituional monarchy|constitutional monarchies]], where the monarch has only symbolic powers and serves as an apolitical figurehead.
The world's longest serving Head of State is Queen [[Elizabeth II]] of the [[United Kingdom]] and a number of other [[Commonwealth]] countries, who succeeded to the Crown in 1952.
[[Category:Politics]]