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New page: The '''cog''' was the general trading vessel of the Middle Ages in north-west Europe. The first mention of a cog (''kogge'') occurs in a Dutch inventory in 948. Until overtaken...
The '''cog''' was the general trading vessel of the [[Middle Ages]] in north-west [[Europe]]. The first mention of a cog (''kogge'') occurs in a [[Dutch]] inventory in 948. Until overtaken in popularity in the 15th century by the ''[[hulk]]'' most of the deep-water carriage of freight off the [[Atlantic]] and [[Baltic]] coasts from [[Scandinavia]] to [[Spain]] and across to the [[British Isles]] was done in cogs.
They were a [[clinker]]-built, single-masted, single-sailed, square-rigged, wide-beamed vessels that were generous in their carrying capacity, had excellent stability, shallow draft, but were not exactly speedy. Whilst known as a trading vessel they were occasionally active in war – the [[Battle of Sluys]] during the [[Hundred Years War]] was fought ''on'' cogs – although that was more of a case of a land battle fought on ships than the normally perceived naval engagement.
[[William the Conqueror]]'s invasion force force crossed to [[England]] in 1066 on a Norman variety of the cog, and this type influenced the development of the [[French]] ''nef'' (see [[Nao]].)
[[Category: Sailing ship types]]
They were a [[clinker]]-built, single-masted, single-sailed, square-rigged, wide-beamed vessels that were generous in their carrying capacity, had excellent stability, shallow draft, but were not exactly speedy. Whilst known as a trading vessel they were occasionally active in war – the [[Battle of Sluys]] during the [[Hundred Years War]] was fought ''on'' cogs – although that was more of a case of a land battle fought on ships than the normally perceived naval engagement.
[[William the Conqueror]]'s invasion force force crossed to [[England]] in 1066 on a Norman variety of the cog, and this type influenced the development of the [[French]] ''nef'' (see [[Nao]].)
[[Category: Sailing ship types]]