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→Jefferson and the revolution of 1800: map
Madison worked diligently to form party lines inside the Congress and build coalitions with sympathetic political factions in each state. In 1800, a critical election galvanized the electorate, sweeping the Federalists out of power, and electing Jefferson and his Republican Party. Adams made a few last minute appointments, notably Federalist [[John Marshall]] as Chief Justice, a post he held for three decades and used it to federalize the Constitution, much to Jefferson's dismay.<ref>Miller, ''Federalist Era'' pp 251-77</ref>
Madison worked diligently to form party lines inside the Congress and build coalitions with sympathetic political factions in each state. In 1800, a critical election galvanized the electorate, sweeping the Federalists out of power, and electing Jefferson and his Republican Party. Adams made a few last minute appointments, notably Federalist [[John Marshall]] as Chief Justice, a post he held for three decades and used it to federalize the Constitution, much to Jefferson's dismay.<ref>Miller, ''Federalist Era'' pp 251-77</ref>
[[Image:1800vote.jpg|thumb|425px|The New York state electoral vote was decisive--it was controlled by Aaron Burr, who became vice-president]]
[[Image:VOTE1800.JPG|thumb|400px|Adams had a strong base in New England but otherwise was weak. New York state prove decisive--it was controlled by Aaron Burr, who became vice-president]]
The Jeffersonian majority in Congress and key states was so large that it tended to split into factions. The minority faction, which tended to collaborate with Federalists, was called ''[[Quids]]'' in Pennsylvania, New York and Virginia, though the three groups were not directly connected. After years as Jefferson's leader in the House, [[John Randolph of Roanoke]] led a split-away faction in Congress called Quids.
The Jeffersonian majority in Congress and key states was so large that it tended to split into factions. The minority faction, which tended to collaborate with Federalists, was called ''[[Quids]]'' in Pennsylvania, New York and Virginia, though the three groups were not directly connected. After years as Jefferson's leader in the House, [[John Randolph of Roanoke]] led a split-away faction in Congress called Quids.