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The '''Irish Civil War''' took place in the [[Irish Free State]] in 1922-23 between supporters and opponents of the treaty with [[Great Britain]] that had established the Free State.
The '''Irish Civil War''' took place in the [[Irish Free State]] in 1922-23 between supporters and opponents of the treaty with [[Great Britain]] that had established the Free State.
[[Image:COLLINS-M.JPG|thumb|210px|right]]
==Origins of the crisis==
==Origins of the crisis==
==The split in Sinn Fein and the IRA==
==The split in Sinn Fein and the IRA==
[[Image:DEVALERA2.JPG|thumb|210px|left]]
The Dail ratified the treaty on 7 January, 1922. Upon this decsion, [[Eamon de Valera]] resigned as President and withdrew from the Dail with that part of Sinn Fein which was opposed to it. A substantial proportion of IRA members also opposed the treaty and began to organise for resistance. Throughout early 1922, a number of armed incidents took place as the IRA fragmented, and in May a truce was agreed to arrest the slide to war. A general election on 18 June 1922 saw a clear majority of votes in favour of the pro-treaty Sinn Fein over their anti-treaty opponents (239,193 to 133,864). The new government, led by [[Arthur Griffith]], began to organise the pro-treaty IRA into the National Army (or Free State Army), and formed a new police force, the ''[[Garda Siochana]]'' (Civil Guard) to replace the disbanded [[Royal Irish Constabulary]].
The Dail ratified the treaty on 7 January, 1922. Upon this decsion, [[Eamon de Valera]] resigned as President and withdrew from the Dail with that part of Sinn Fein which was opposed to it. A substantial proportion of IRA members also opposed the treaty and began to organise for resistance. Throughout early 1922, a number of armed incidents took place as the IRA fragmented, and in May a truce was agreed to arrest the slide to war. A general election on 18 June 1922 saw a clear majority of votes in favour of the pro-treaty Sinn Fein over their anti-treaty opponents (239,193 to 133,864). The new government, led by [[Arthur Griffith]], began to organise the pro-treaty IRA into the National Army (or Free State Army), and formed a new police force, the ''[[Garda Siochana]]'' (Civil Guard) to replace the disbanded [[Royal Irish Constabulary]].