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[[Image:Horacegreeley.jpg|right|thumb|Horace Greeley|300px]]  

[[Image:Horacegreeley.jpg|right|thumb|Horace Greeley|300px]]  

'''Horace Greeley''' (February 3, 1811 &ndash; November 29, 1872) was an American publisher and editor who revolutionized the news by creating  a national market for his [[New York Tribune]], a founder of the [[Republican Party]], reformer and presidential candidate.  His ''[[New York Tribune]]'' was America's most influential newspaper from the 1840s to the 1870s and "established Greeley's reputation as the greatest editor of his day."<ref>Michael Emery and Edwin Emery, ''The Press and America'' (1988) 124-6.</ref> Greeley used it to promote the [[Whig Party]] and after 1854 the new Republican party, as well as antislavery and a host of reforms. Crusading against the corruption of [[Ulysses S. Grant]]'s Republican administration, he was the presidential candidate in 1872 of the new [[Liberal Republican Party]]. Despite having the additional support of the [[U.S Democratic Party, History|Democratic Party]] he lost in a landslide.  He was a leading advocate of economic modernization and opposition to slavery, and his ''Tribune'' newspaper was the main voice of the [[Whig Party]] and later the [[Republican party]].

'''Horace Greeley''' (February 3, 1811 &ndash; November 29, 1872) was an American publisher and editor who revolutionized the news by creating  a national market for his [[New York Tribune]], a founder of the [[Republican Party]], reformer and presidential candidate.  His ''New York Tribune'' was America's most influential newspaper from the 1840s to the 1870s and "established Greeley's reputation as the greatest editor of his day."<ref>Michael Emery and Edwin Emery, ''The Press and America'' (1988) 124-6.</ref> Greeley used it to promote the [[Whig Party]] and after 1854 the new Republican party, as well as antislavery and a host of reforms. Crusading against the corruption of [[Ulysses S. Grant]]'s Republican administration, he was the presidential candidate in 1872 of the new [[Liberal Republican Party]]. Despite having the additional support of the [[Democratic Party]] he lost in a landslide.  He was a leading advocate of economic modernization and opposition to slavery, and his ''Tribune'' newspaper was the main voice of the [[Whig Party]] and later the [[Republican party]].

==Early Years==

==Early Years==

He was born in [[Amherst, New Hampshire]], the son of poor farmers Zaccheus and Mary Greeley.  He declined a scholarship to [[Phillips Exeter Academy]] and left school at age 14; he apprenticed as a printer in Poultney, Vermont at The Northern Star the same paper where George Jones served as an apprentice, moving to New York City in 1831. In 1834 he founded the weekly the ''New Yorker'', which was mostly comprised of clippings from other magazines.  

He was born in Amherst, New Hampshire, the son of poor farmers Zaccheus and Mary Greeley.  He declined a scholarship to Phillips Exeter Academy and left school at age 14; he apprenticed as a printer in Poultney, Vermont at The Northern Star the same paper where George Jones served as an apprentice, moving to New York City in 1831. In 1834 he founded the weekly the ''New Yorker'', which was mostly comprised of clippings from other magazines.  

In 1836 Greeley married Mary Cheney Greeley; they spent little time together; Out of their seven children, only two lived.

In 1836 Greeley married Mary Cheney Greeley; they spent little time together; Out of their seven children, only two lived.

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''The Tribune set a new standard in American journalism by its combination of energy in news gathering with good taste, high moral standards, and intellectual appeal. Police reports, scandals, dubious medical advertisements, and flippant personalities were barred from its pages; the editorials were vigorous but usually temperate; the political news was the most exact in the city; book reviews and book-extracts were numerous; and as an inveterate lecturer Greeley gave generous space to lectures. The paper appealed to substantial and thoughtful people.'' [Nevins in ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1931)]

''The Tribune set a new standard in American journalism by its combination of energy in news gathering with good taste, high moral standards, and intellectual appeal. Police reports, scandals, dubious medical advertisements, and flippant personalities were barred from its pages; the editorials were vigorous but usually temperate; the political news was the most exact in the city; book reviews and book-extracts were numerous; and as an inveterate lecturer Greeley gave generous space to lectures. The paper appealed to substantial and thoughtful people.''<ref>Nevins in ''Dictionary of American Biography'' (1931)</ref></blockquote>

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Greeley prided himself in taking radical positions on all sorts of social issues; few readers followed his suggestions.  Utopia fascinated him; influenced by [[Albert Brisbane]] he promoted [[Fourierism]]. His journal had [[Karl Marx]] (and [[Friedrich Engels]] too) as European correspondent in the early 1850s.[http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/newspapers/new-york-tribune.htm] He promoted all sorts of agrarian reforms, including homestead laws.  

Greeley prided himself in taking radical positions on all sorts of social issues; few readers followed his suggestions.  Utopia fascinated him; influenced by [[Albert Brisbane]] he promoted [[Fourierism]]. His journal had [[Karl Marx]] (and [[Friedrich Engels]] too) as European correspondent in the early 1850s, but they did not send Greeley any radical material.<ref> See [http://www.marxists.org/archive/marx/works/subject/newspapers/new-york-tribune.htm source]</ref> He promoted all sorts of agrarian reforms, including homestead laws.  

Greeley supported liberal policies towards settlers; he memorably advised the ambitious to "Go West, young man."  A champion of the working man, he attacked monopolies of all sorts and rejected land grants to railroads.  Industry would make everyone rich, he insisted, as he promoted high tariffs.  He supported vegetarianism, opposed liquor and paid serious attention to any ism anyone proposed.  What made the ‘’Tribune’‘ such a success was the extensive news stories, very well written by brilliant reporters, together with feature articles by fine writers.  He was an excellent judge of newsworthiness and quality of reporting.

Greeley supported liberal policies towards settlers; he memorably advised the ambitious to "Go West, young man."  A champion of the working man, he attacked monopolies of all sorts and rejected land grants to railroads.  Industry would make everyone rich, he insisted, as he promoted high tariffs.  He supported vegetarianism, opposed liquor and paid serious attention to any ism anyone proposed.  What made the ‘’Tribune’‘ such a success was the extensive news stories, very well written by brilliant reporters, together with feature articles by fine writers.  He was an excellent judge of newsworthiness and quality of reporting.