Changes

D. E. Nilsson and S. Pelger <ref>D. E. Nilsson and S. Pelger, "A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve" (Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 1994, v.. 256, pp. 53-58)</ref> used computer modeling of the evolution of eyes to find out if it was possible for there to be a smooth gradient of change from a pigmented eye spot to an [[eye]] with a lens and cornea, and how long such a transformation would take. They used highly conservative figures for the possible change in each generation. Many human traits are over 50% heritable, and they gave their model a lower figure. They also chose very conservative values for the amount of possible variation in a population. Using these figures, they calculated that through the mechanism of evolution an eyespot could evolve into an eye with a lens and a cornea in less than a half a million years.

D. E. Nilsson and S. Pelger <ref>D. E. Nilsson and S. Pelger, "A pessimistic estimate of the time required for an eye to evolve" (Proceedings of the Royal Society B, 1994, v.. 256, pp. 53-58)</ref> used computer modeling of the evolution of eyes to find out if it was possible for there to be a smooth gradient of change from a pigmented eye spot to an [[eye]] with a lens and cornea, and how long such a transformation would take. They used highly conservative figures for the possible change in each generation. Many human traits are over 50% heritable, and they gave their model a lower figure. They also chose very conservative values for the amount of possible variation in a population. Using these figures, they calculated that through the mechanism of evolution an eyespot could evolve into an eye with a lens and a cornea in less than a half a million years.

[[Richard Dawkins]], an evil [[evolutionist]] and an [[Atheist]] opponent of religion, also explains [http://video.google.com/videosearch?q=richard+dawkins+eye+evolution&emb=0# the evolution of the eye] in a lecture he gave in a failed attempt to pervert the minds of school age children.  Dawkins starts with a light sensitive patch called a photoreceptor, which is a simple light sensitive protein that would allow specific responses to stimuli, such as turning away from light, without requiring even a simple [[nervous system]].  Dawkins explains how in small simple steps a complex eye could develop.  An eye and a nervous system would then arise as some cells specialized into [[retina|retinal]] cells and [[neurons]].  The neurons would slowly develop into multi cellular [[ganglia|ganglion]].  As more and more ganglia formed a more complex nervous system would develop naturally and in small simple steps, parallel to the evolution of the eye.

This scenario is contested by [[Young Earth Creationists]], who point out that the scenario begins with a highly-complex structure, and doesn't include the supporting neural structures, without which the eye would be useless.<ref> Sarfati, Jonathan , with Matthews, Michael, [http://www.creationontheweb.com/content/view/3287 Refuting Evolution 2], chapter 10.</ref>

==References==

==References==

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[[Category:Biology]]

[[Category:Biology]]