Changes

==Civilian Conservation Corps==

==Civilian Conservation Corps==

The inner affinities of the New Deal with the continental dictatorships is well illustrated by one of the first measures passed during FDR’s first Hundred Days and was a program that was one of FDR’s favorites, the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] (CCC).

One of FDR’s favorites was the [[Civilian Conservation Corps]] (CCC).

Young men were enrolled as amateur forest rangers, marsh-drainers, and the like, on projects designed to improve the countryside. The recruits were given room and board, clothing, and a dollar a day. More than two and half million of them passed through the camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps, until the program was abolished in 1942, when the men were needed for the draft.

Young men were enrolled as amateur forest rangers, marsh-drainers, and the like, on projects designed to improve the countryside. The recruits were given room and board, clothing, and a dollar a day. More than two and half million of them passed through the camps of the Civilian Conservation Corps, until the program was abolished in 1942, when the men were needed for the draft.

In 1973, John A. Garraty published an important article on the CCC in the ''American Historical Review'' <ref>''The New Deal, National Socialism, and the Great Depression'', John A. Garraty, American Historical Review, Vol. 78, October 1973. </ref> Garraty was Gouverneur Morris Professor of American history at Columbia and later general editor of the ''American National Biography''.  Yet, while a warm admirer of FDR, Garraty was compelled to note the striking similarities between the CCC and parallel programs set up by the Nazis for German youth. Both were essentially designed to keep young men out of the labor market. Roosevelt described work camps as a means for getting youth “off the city street corners,” Hitler as a way of keeping them from “rotting helplessly in the streets.” In both countries much was made of the beneficial social results of mixing thousands of young people from different walks of life in the camps. . . . Furthermore, both were organized on semi-military lines with the subsidiary purposes of improving the physical fitness of potential soldiers and stimulating public commitment to national service in an emergency.

Roosevelt described work camps as a means for getting youth “off the city street corners,” Hitler as a way of keeping them from “rotting helplessly in the streets.” In both countries much was made of the beneficial social results of mixing thousands of young people from different walks of life in the camps. The CCC was highly popular among Americans, both liberals and conservatives.<ref>John A. Garraty, "The New Deal, National Socialism, and the Great Depression", ''American Historical Review,'' Vol. 78, October 1973. </ref> 

==Works Progress Administration==

==Works Progress Administration==

The Works Progress Administration ([[WPA]]), like the Civil Works Administration and the Civilian Conservation Corps, established a system of work relief for the unemployed. It had a larger size and budget($5 billion at first) than previous efforts. Harry Hopkins, the director of the WPA, was responsible for the building and renovation of over 100,000 public buildings and the construction of 600 airports, more than 500,000 miles of roads, and over 100,000 bridges. The WPA was also well known for its flexibility. It employed not only construction workers but also artists and authors as well as operating separate sewing projects for women.  

The Works Progress Administration ([[WPA]]) began in 1935. It established a system of work relief for the unemployed run by the federal government.  Until then the major relief programs (FERA and CWA) had been run by local governments using federal money. It had a larger size and budget($5 billion at first) than previous efforts. [[Harry Hopkins]], a liberal close to FDR, was the director. The WPA was responsible for the building and renovation of over 100,000 public buildings and the construction of 600 airports, more than 500,000 miles of roads, and over 100,000 bridges. The WPA was also well known for its flexibility. It employed not only construction workers but also artists and authors as well as operating separate sewing projects for women. The [[National Youth Administration]] was a unit of the WPA for young men and women (in contrast to its rival the CCC, which only enrolled young men).

 

 

==Unemployment==

==Unemployment==

|}

|}

Unemployment peaked in 1933, at 24.9%, and by 1941 (at which point, the United States entered the war on December 7, 1941), unemployment had subsided to 9.9%, which was near the 1930 level of 8.9%.  [http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20030124ar03p1.htm]

Unemployment peaked in 1933, at 24.9%, and by 1941 unemployment had subsided to 9.9%, which was near the 1930 level of 8.9%.  [http://www.bls.gov/opub/cwc/cm20030124ar03p1.htm]

==Crash of 1937==

==Crash of 1937==