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According to records released under the [[Freedom of Information]] Act, the FBI believed that Robeson might have joined the Party under the name "John Thomas" but "his Communist Party membership book number is not known." Robeson's biographer, Martin Duberman, concludes that "he was never a member of CPUSA, never a functionary, never a participant in its daily bureaucratic operations."<ref name=dubermanpages/> Paul Robeson, Jr. has also stated on numerous times that his father was never a member of the CPUSA.

According to records released under the [[Freedom of Information]] Act, the FBI believed that Robeson might have joined the Party under the name "John Thomas" but "his Communist Party membership book number is not known." Robeson's biographer, Martin Duberman, concludes that "he was never a member of CPUSA, never a functionary, never a participant in its daily bureaucratic operations."<ref name=dubermanpages/> Paul Robeson, Jr. has also stated on numerous times that his father was never a member of the CPUSA.

One of the most vocal contemporary conservative voices to challenge Robeson's legacy for his friendship with the CPUSA is [[David Horowitz]] the founder of [[David Horowitz Freedom Center]]. David Horowitz mentioned in his 2006 book'' [[The Professors: The 101 Most Dangerous Academics in America]]'' the distinguished historian [[Eric Foner]] lauding Robeson at a 2003 teach-in at [[Columbia University]] and then responded by saying,"It's true that Paul Robeson was never satisfied with his country. He was an icon (and member) of the American Communist Party, who received a Stalin Peace Prize from the dictator himself."<ref>Horowitz, David, "Moment of Truth (for the anti-American Left)", ''Jewish World Despite Horowitz's in-depth knowledge of the Communist Party (his parents were both members), Robeson is not on record anywhere as ever being a Communist Party member nor did he ever meet Stalin. The Stalin Peace Prize was awarded to Robeson at the Soviet Embassy in Washington, D.C. by embassy officials. Had Robeson been a CP member he would most likely have been jailed under the [[Smith Act]], the FBI surveillance.

One of the most vocal contemporary conservative voices to challenge Robeson's legacy for his friendship with the CPUSA is [[David Horowitz]] the founder of David Horowitz Freedom Center. David Horowitz mentioned in his 2006 book'' [[The Professors: The 101 Most Dangerous Academics in America]]'' the distinguished historian [[Eric Foner]] lauding Robeson at a 2003 teach-in at [[Columbia University]] and then responded by saying,:"It's true that Paul Robeson was never satisfied with his country. He was an icon (and member) of the American Communist Party, who received a Stalin Peace Prize from the dictator himself."<ref>Horowitz, David, "Moment of Truth (for the anti-American Left)", ''Jewish World Review'', March 31, 2003''</ref>

 

Despite Horowitz's credible and in-depth knowledge of the Communist Party (his parents were both members and he was made attend events as  growing up), Robeson is not on record anywhere as ever being a Communist Party member nor did he ever meet Stalin in person. The Stalin Peace Prize was awarded to Robeson at the Soviet Embassy in Washington, D.C. by embassy officials. Had Robeson been a CP member he would most likely have been jailed under the [[Smith Act]], the FBI surveillance on his life being virtually non-stop during the late 1940s and 1950s.  

==The Soviet Union and communist advocacy==

==The Soviet Union and communist advocacy==