Changes

There were other prominent Scholastics, such as Peter Abelard (1079-1142), who used logic and questioning to discuss issues of religious controversy in his work entitled ''Sic et Non'' (“Yes and No”).

There were other prominent Scholastics, such as Peter Abelard (1079-1142), who used logic and questioning to discuss issues of religious controversy in his work entitled ''Sic et Non'' (“Yes and No”).

===Architecture===

===Architecture===

There was outstanding architecture in the Middle Ages, which can be seen in the majestic churches built during that era.  There were two main styles: Romanesque and Gothic.  Romanesque architecture is characterized by thick walls, rounded arches and small windows.  The Gothic style, developed later, consisted of taller, perpendicular structures with long windows, pointed arches and “flying buttresses” (stone supports on the outer walls of churches).   

There was outstanding architecture in the Middle Ages, which can be seen in the majestic churches built during that era.  There were two main styles: Romanesque in the early years and the more popular Gothic design in the later years.  Romanesque architecture is characterized by thick walls, rounded arches and small windows.  The Gothic style, developed later, consisted of taller, perpendicular structures with long windows, pointed arches and “flying buttresses” (stone supports on the outer walls of churches).   

 

Gothic architecture, with its tall, pointed spires is said to reflect the desire of people of the Middle Ages to grow closer to God, reaching towards heaven and away from the earth.  Tall windows allowed sunlight to illuminate the interior, unlike Romanesque architecture, in which windows were small and interiors were dim.  A particularly stunning example of Gothic architecture is the Notre Dame in Paris, on which construction began in 1163 during the reign of Louis VII, and was completed about 200 years later in about 1345.  The Notre Dame features a beautiful stained-glass “rose window,” another distinguishing characteristic of Gothic churches.

Gothic architecture, with its tall, pointed spires is said to reflect the desire of people of the Middle Ages to grow closer to God, reaching towards heaven and away from the earth.  Tall windows allowed sunlight to illuminate the interior, unlike Romanesque architecture, in which windows were small and interiors were dim.  A particularly stunning example of Gothic architecture is the Notre Dame in Paris, on which construction began in 1163 during the reign of Louis VII, and was completed about 200 years later in about 1345.  The Notre Dame features a beautiful stained-glass “rose window,” another distinguishing characteristic of Gothic churches.