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reply to comments, and a special thanks
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(outdent) Denise, "sound-based written elements" = phonetic, rather than characters representing ideas (as they do in Chinese).  In this sense English is phonetic - although I think there is a specific linguistic word for this; phonograms as opposed to ideograms ?  :) .  Even though a character (or sequence) may represent ultiple sounds depending on context (and which language it was adapted from), it still stands for sounds.  A phonetic written language is not the same as a phonetically consistent lexicon.  In this sense any language not written in ideograms is phonetic.  If I read it correctly, Andy was simply saying that as a phonetic (characters = sounds) language, English has advantages over ideogrammatic languages. [[User:LowKey|LowKey]] 19:58, 17 March 2009 (EDT)
 
(outdent) Denise, "sound-based written elements" = phonetic, rather than characters representing ideas (as they do in Chinese).  In this sense English is phonetic - although I think there is a specific linguistic word for this; phonograms as opposed to ideograms ?  :) .  Even though a character (or sequence) may represent ultiple sounds depending on context (and which language it was adapted from), it still stands for sounds.  A phonetic written language is not the same as a phonetically consistent lexicon.  In this sense any language not written in ideograms is phonetic.  If I read it correctly, Andy was simply saying that as a phonetic (characters = sounds) language, English has advantages over ideogrammatic languages. [[User:LowKey|LowKey]] 19:58, 17 March 2009 (EDT)
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== Reply to comments ==
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The above comments, corrections and suggestions on this lecture have been particularly superb.  I have incorporated nearly all of them, and the lecture is now complete except for a final proofread.  The class of about 46 or so students is grateful for your insights.
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I welcome further suggestions.
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The only suggestions that I recall not incorporating are the bit about the English civil wars (e.g., Cromwell) and the Dutch exploration and settlement in Africa, which are covered in a future lectures, and the defense of Hume at the top above, which I feel is too sympathetic to him.  Except as otherwise noted above, I think I included everything else.  On behalf of the students, I thank you.--[[User:Aschlafly|Andy Schlafly]] 20:10, 17 March 2009 (EDT)
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