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'''His Holiness, Pope Pius IX, Vicar of Christ''' (May 13, 1792-February 7, 1878) - born '''Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti''' -  was the [[Pope]] and leader of the [[Catholic church]] from June 16, 1846 to February 7, 1878 the longest reign in Church history. He convened the [[First Vatican Council]], which declared the Pope was infallible under certain conditions.

'''Pope Pius IX''' (May 13, 1792-February 7, 1878) - born '''Giovanni Maria Mastai-Ferretti''' -  was the [[Pope]] and leader of the [[Catholic church]] from June 16, 1846 to February 7, 1878 the longest reign in Church history. He convened the [[First Vatican Council]], which declared the Pope was infallible under certain conditions.

He fought [[secularism]] in [[Italy]] and [[France]], and helped the German Catholics defeat the [[Kulturkampf]].  

He fought [[secularism]] in [[Italy]] and [[France]], and helped the German Catholics defeat the [[Kulturkampf]].