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'''Modernization''' is the transformation of a society from a '''traditional''' way of life to a modern one.

'''Modernization''' is the transformation of a society from a '''traditional''' way of life to a modern one.

==Economy==

==Economy==

In the economy, modernization involves the systematic use of technology, and is characterized by the [[Industrial Revolution]], with factories, railroads, banking and telegraphs.  The economies of Western Europe and the United States modernizaed in the 19th century.  The rest of the world followed much later.

In the economy, modernization involves the systematic use of technology, and is characterized by the [[Industrial Revolution]], with factories, railroads, banking and telegraphs.  The economies of Western Europe and the United States modernized in the 19th century.  The rest of the world followed much later.

==Society==

==Society==

In terms of society, modernization involves individualism (rather than clan orientation), rationality (rather than rote), and systematic organization (rather than whatever was handed down from the past).  Complex cooperation with strangers is required for modernity. Meritocracy is adopted, with hiring and promotion due to performance (often on tests) rather than family connections.

In terms of society, modernization involves individualism (rather than clan orientation), rationality (rather than rote), and systematic organization (rather than whatever was handed down from the past).  Complex cooperation with strangers is required for modernity. Meritocracy is adopted, with hiring and promotion due to performance (often on tests) rather than family connections.

Psychologically, a modern personality means a future orientation, rather than the past orientation typical of traditionalism.

Psychologically, a modern personality means a future orientation, rather than the past orientation typical of traditionalism.

==Politics==

==Politics==

In politics, the modernizing parties in American history were the [[Federalist Party]] of the 1790s under [[Alxander Hamilton]], the [[Whig Party]] of the 1840s under [[Henry Clay]], and the [[Republican Party]] after 1860, especially under [[Abraham Lincoln]].  During the [[Progressive Movement]] (1890s-1920s), all the main parties supported modernization, with [[Herbert Hoover]] the exemplar.

In politics, the modernizing parties in American history were the [[Federalist Party]] of the 1790s under [[Alexander Hamilton]], the [[Whig Party]] of the 1840s under [[Henry Clay]], and the [[Republican Party]] after 1860, especially under [[Abraham Lincoln]].  During the [[Progressive Movement]] (1890s-1920s), all the main parties supported modernization, with [[Herbert Hoover]] the exemplar.

 

==Further reading==

==Further reading==

* Black, Cyril.  ''The Dynamics of Modernization: A Study in Comparative History'' (1966)

* Black, Cyril.  ''The Dynamics of Modernization: A Study in Comparative History'' (1966)

* Jensen, Richard. ''Illinois: A History'' (2001)

* Jensen, Richard. ''Illinois: A History'' (2001)

* Jensen, Richard. "On Modernizing Frederick Jackson Turner: The Historiography of Regionalism" ''Western History Quarterly'' (1980) 11:307-22 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/967565  in JSTOR]

* Jensen, Richard. "On Modernizing Frederick Jackson Turner: The Historiography of Regionalism" ''Western History Quarterly'' (1980) 11:307-22 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/967565  in JSTOR]

[[Category:Modernization]]

[[Category:Modernization]]

[[Category:Sociology]]

[[Category:Sociology]]

[[Category:Economic History]]

[[Category:Economic History]]