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When Roosevelt asked the Secretary of State "to get a lawyer to consult with him over the wording of the Polish boundary statement," wrote Stettinius, "I called Alger Hiss."<ref>Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IjhQ_gsiCzwC Roosevelt and the Russians]'' (Whitefish, Mont.: Kettinger Publishing, 2005) ISBN 1419103105, p. 270</ref> The U.S. ended up ceding eastern Poland to the Soviet Union,<ref>Gregor Dallas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LXdVF6LmTa8C 1945: The War That Never Ended]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005) ISBN 0300109806, p. 557</ref> essentially ratifying the deal Stalin had made with Hitler in the "secret protocols" of the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]].<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/pdfs/NonAggressionPact.pdf Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with Secret Protocols, August 23, 1939], World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West (PBS)</ref> U.S. Ambassador to Poland Arthur Bliss Lane resigned in protest, writing, "As I glanced over the document, I could not believe my eyes: To me, almost every line spoke of a surrender to Stalin."<ref>Arthur Bliss Lane, ''I Saw Poland Betrayed: An American Ambassador Reports to the American People'' (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1948) ASIN B000NWTIF8, p. 56</ref>

When Roosevelt asked the Secretary of State "to get a lawyer to consult with him over the wording of the Polish boundary statement," wrote Stettinius, "I called Alger Hiss."<ref>Edward R. Stettinius, Jr., ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=IjhQ_gsiCzwC Roosevelt and the Russians]'' (Whitefish, Mont.: Kettinger Publishing, 2005) ISBN 1419103105, p. 270</ref> The U.S. ended up ceding eastern Poland to the Soviet Union,<ref>Gregor Dallas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LXdVF6LmTa8C 1945: The War That Never Ended]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2005) ISBN 0300109806, p. 557</ref> essentially ratifying the deal Stalin had made with Hitler in the "secret protocols" of the [[Nazi-Soviet pact]].<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/pdfs/NonAggressionPact.pdf Nazi-Soviet Non-Aggression Pact with Secret Protocols, August 23, 1939], World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West (PBS)</ref> U.S. Ambassador to Poland Arthur Bliss Lane resigned in protest, writing, "As I glanced over the document, I could not believe my eyes: To me, almost every line spoke of a surrender to Stalin."<ref>Arthur Bliss Lane, ''I Saw Poland Betrayed: An American Ambassador Reports to the American People'' (Indianapolis: Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1948) ASIN B000NWTIF8, p. 56</ref>

A secret<ref>[http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf Interview of Alger Hiss], Yale Oral History Project, February 13 and October 11, 1990, pp. 18-19 (PDF pp. 18-20)</ref> agreement also gave the Soviet Union three votes in the UN to one for the U.S., and forced "repatriation" of refugees for [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/lubini.htm slave labor]<ref>[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf War Cabinet Minutes], June 11, 1945, p. 182</ref> or death in the [[Soviet]] [[Gulag]].<ref>Nikolai Tolstoy, ''The Secret Betrayal'' (New York: Scribner, 1978) ISBN 0684156350; Julius Epstein, ''Operation Keelhaul: The Story of Forced Repatriation from 1944 to the Present'' (Old Greenwich, Conn.: Devin-Adair Co., 1973) ISBN 978-0815964070</ref> In addition, Roosevelt made a secret agreement with Stalin (Churchill was not informed), giving the Soviets Japanese territory, as well as economic rights in Manchuria.<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/in-depth/the-conferences.html#Argonaut2 Yalta (codename Argonaut, phase 2 Magneto)], World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West (PBS)</ref> The complete text of all the agreements was not disclosed until 1947.<ref>"[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Yalta_Conference.aspx Yalta Conference]," ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Sixth Edition, 2008</ref> Asked if he had "drafted or participated in the drafting" of parts of the Yalta agreement, Hiss would testify, "I think it is accurate and not an immodest statement to say that I did to some extent, yes."<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities], August 5, 1948</ref>

A secret<ref>"[T]he oral agreement was that the Russians would bring their two delegations to San Francisco, propose their admission, and we would agree. But it would not be announced in advance." [http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/hiss13february11october90.pdf Interview of Alger Hiss], Yale Oral History Project, February 13 and October 11, 1990, pp. 18-19 (PDF pp. 19-20)</ref> agreement also gave the Soviet Union three votes in the UN to one for the U.S., and forced "repatriation" of refugees for [http://www.trumanlibrary.org/oralhist/lubini.htm slave labor]<ref>[http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/documents/cab_195_3_transcript.pdf War Cabinet Minutes], June 11, 1945, p. 182</ref> or death in the [[Soviet]] [[Gulag]].<ref>Nikolai Tolstoy, ''The Secret Betrayal'' (New York: Scribner, 1978) ISBN 0684156350; Julius Epstein, ''Operation Keelhaul: The Story of Forced Repatriation from 1944 to the Present'' (Old Greenwich, Conn.: Devin-Adair Co., 1973) ISBN 978-0815964070</ref> In addition, Roosevelt made a secret agreement with Stalin (Churchill was not informed), giving the Soviets Japanese territory, as well as economic rights in Manchuria.<ref>[http://www.pbs.org/behindcloseddoors/in-depth/the-conferences.html#Argonaut2 Yalta (codename Argonaut, phase 2 Magneto)], World War II Behind Closed Doors: Stalin, the Nazis and the West (PBS)</ref> The complete text of all the agreements was not disclosed until 1947.<ref>"[http://www.encyclopedia.com/topic/Yalta_Conference.aspx Yalta Conference]," ''The Columbia Encyclopedia'', Sixth Edition, 2008</ref> Asked if he had "drafted or participated in the drafting" of parts of the Yalta agreement, Hiss would testify, "I think it is accurate and not an immodest statement to say that I did to some extent, yes."<ref>[http://www.law.umkc.edu/faculty/projects/ftrials/hiss/8-5testimony.html Testimony of Alger Hiss before the House Committee on Un-American Activities], August 5, 1948</ref>

The conference ended February 11; the next day, [[Franklin Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] was dead.<ref>[http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/coldwar/index.php?action=chrono Ideological Foundations of the Cold War], Harry S. Truman Library, National Archives and Records Administration</ref> Hiss went on to [[Moscow]],<ref>John Ehrman, "[https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol51no4/pdf-files/Ehrman_Alger_Hiss_Again-Web%20(U).pdf The Mystery of 'ALES': Once Again, the Alger Hiss Case]," ''Studies in Intelligence'', Vol. 51, no. 4 (2007), p. ; John F. Fox, Jr., "[http://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/foxpaper.htm In the Enemy’s House: Venona and the Maturation of American Counterintelligence]," 2005 Symposium on Cryptologic History, October 27, 2005; Eduard Mark, "Who was 'Venona's' 'Ales'? Cryptanalysis and the Hiss Case," ''Intelligence and National Security'' 18 (Autumn 2003), pp. 54-55, 57-88, 62, 64</ref> where he was reportedly decorated with the Order of the Red Star<ref>John Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr and Alexander Vassiliev, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qCAVQ_cdomcC Spies: The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009) ISBN 0300123906, p. 278; Robert L. Beisner, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=D9Zb_feBUdkC Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War]''' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006) ISBN 0195045785, p. 282; G. Edward White, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=FvR4HBTiYzAC Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy]'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 226; Jerrold and Leona Schecter, ''Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence Operations Changed American History''(Washington: Potomac Books Inc., 2002) ISBN 1574883275, p. 131</ref> and honored by Foreign Minister [[Vyacheslav Molotov|V.M. Molotov]].<ref>Ralph De Toledano, “[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_47_17/ai_80900413/ Hiss defenders covering for the `old man'],” ''Insight on the News'', December 17, 2001</ref> Five members of a [[GRU|Soviet military intelligence]] apparatus in Washington (one of whom had been a [[GRU]] source in the 1930s, and had access to high-level intelligence about U.S. foreign policy) received Soviet decorations in February 1945, according to a 2006 report in a Russian military journal.<ref>Vladimir Lota, “Moris Makes Contact,” ''Krasnaya Zvezda'' (''Red Star''), May 5, 2006, cited in John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, “[http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page70.html 'Ales' is Still Hiss: The Wilder Foote Red Herring],” 2007 Symposium on Cryptologic History, The Center for Cryptologic History, October 19, 2007</ref> On April 25, 1945, [[Pavel Fitin]], head of [[NKVD]] foreign intelligence, reported to NKVD Chief Vsevolod Merkulov<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,858400-1,00.html Policeman on Trial]," ''Time'', December 28, 1953</ref> that [[Harold Glasser]], a Soviet agent in the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Treasury]] code-named "Ruble,"<ref>KGB file 43072, vol. 1: "Ruble"&mdash;Harold Glasser (Alexander Vassiliev, [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/docs/White_Notebook_No.3_Translated.pdf White Notebook #3], p. 36 [PDF p. 44]), Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref> learned of this award from his friend, "Ales," a GRU agent:

The conference ended February 11; the next day, [[Franklin Roosevelt|Roosevelt]] was dead.<ref>[http://www.trumanlibrary.org/whistlestop/study_collections/coldwar/index.php?action=chrono Ideological Foundations of the Cold War], Harry S. Truman Library, National Archives and Records Administration</ref> Hiss went on to [[Moscow]],<ref>John Ehrman, "[https://www.cia.gov/library/center-for-the-study-of-intelligence/csi-publications/csi-studies/studies/vol51no4/pdf-files/Ehrman_Alger_Hiss_Again-Web%20(U).pdf The Mystery of 'ALES': Once Again, the Alger Hiss Case]," ''Studies in Intelligence'', Vol. 51, no. 4 (2007), p. ; John F. Fox, Jr., "[http://www.fbi.gov/libref/historic/history/foxpaper.htm In the Enemy’s House: Venona and the Maturation of American Counterintelligence]," 2005 Symposium on Cryptologic History, October 27, 2005; Eduard Mark, "Who was 'Venona's' 'Ales'? Cryptanalysis and the Hiss Case," ''Intelligence and National Security'' 18 (Autumn 2003), pp. 54-55, 57-88, 62, 64</ref> where he was reportedly decorated with the Order of the Red Star<ref>John Earl Haynes, Harvey Klehr and Alexander Vassiliev, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qCAVQ_cdomcC Spies: The Rise and Fall of the KGB in America]'' (New Haven: Yale University Press, 2009) ISBN 0300123906, p. 278; Robert L. Beisner, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=D9Zb_feBUdkC Dean Acheson: A Life in the Cold War]''' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2006) ISBN 0195045785, p. 282; G. Edward White, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=FvR4HBTiYzAC Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy]'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 226; Jerrold and Leona Schecter, ''Sacred Secrets: How Soviet Intelligence Operations Changed American History''(Washington: Potomac Books Inc., 2002) ISBN 1574883275, p. 131</ref> and honored by Foreign Minister [[Vyacheslav Molotov|V.M. Molotov]].<ref>Ralph De Toledano, “[http://findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_m1571/is_47_17/ai_80900413/ Hiss defenders covering for the `old man'],” ''Insight on the News'', December 17, 2001</ref> Five members of a [[GRU|Soviet military intelligence]] apparatus in Washington (one of whom had been a [[GRU]] source in the 1930s, and had access to high-level intelligence about U.S. foreign policy) received Soviet decorations in February 1945, according to a 2006 report in a Russian military journal.<ref>Vladimir Lota, “Moris Makes Contact,” ''Krasnaya Zvezda'' (''Red Star''), May 5, 2006, cited in John Earl Haynes and Harvey Klehr, “[http://www.johnearlhaynes.org/page70.html 'Ales' is Still Hiss: The Wilder Foote Red Herring],” 2007 Symposium on Cryptologic History, The Center for Cryptologic History, October 19, 2007</ref> On April 25, 1945, [[Pavel Fitin]], head of [[NKVD]] foreign intelligence, reported to NKVD Chief Vsevolod Merkulov<ref>"[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,858400-1,00.html Policeman on Trial]," ''Time'', December 28, 1953</ref> that [[Harold Glasser]], a Soviet agent in the [[United States Department of the Treasury|U.S. Treasury]] code-named "Ruble,"<ref>KGB file 43072, vol. 1: "Ruble"&mdash;Harold Glasser (Alexander Vassiliev, [http://www.wilsoncenter.org/topics/docs/White_Notebook_No.3_Translated.pdf White Notebook #3], p. 36 [PDF p. 44]), Cold War International History Project, Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars</ref> learned of this award from his friend, "Ales," a GRU agent: