Changes

As a result of his [[father]]'s [[death]], Alger [[inheritance|inherited]] $10,000,<ref>"...provided a $10000 bequest to each of the Hiss children..." G. Edward White, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=FvR4HBTiYzAC Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy]'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 9</ref> the [http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl equivalent] of more than $200,000 today. After graduation from [http://www.baltimorecitycollege.us/ Baltimore City College] and a year at Powder Point Academy<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SPV2AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Laughing Last: Alger Hiss by Tony Hiss]'' (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977), p. 32</ref> (a private [[prep school]] in Duxbury, [[Massachusetts]])<ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pCUrAAAAYAAJ A Handbook of the Best Private Schools of the United States and Canada]'' (P.E. Sargent, 1915), p. 31</ref> and the [http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~law00092 Maryland Institute of Art], Hiss attended [[Baltimore]]'s [http://www.times.com/books/97/03/09/reviews/chambers-prophecy.html Johns Hopkins University], where he was voted "[http://archives.newyorker.com/default.aspx?iid=18616&startpage=page0000103 best hand-shaker]" in his class.<ref>Evan Thomas, "[http://www.newsweek.com/id/103447 An American Melodrama]," ''Newsweek'', November 25, 1996</ref> As an [[undergraduate]], Hiss was drawn to the work of (among others) the [[Fabian socialism|Fabian]]<ref>Archibald Henderson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=twQBAAAAYAAJ George Bernard Shaw: His Life and Works]'' (Cincinnati: Stewart & Kidd, 1911) ISBN 1417961775, p. 102. Shaw became a loyal apologist for [[Stalinism]], penning a 1933 [http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/bernard_shaw.htm Letter to the Editor] of the ''Manchester Guardian'', denouncing Malcolm Muggeridge's reporting on [[Stalin]]'s [[Holodomor|Terror Famine]] as a "lie" and a "slander"; the following year he published a 16,000-word ''[http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300561h.html#p01 apologia]'' for Stalin's mass murders. In 1949, he even wrote a [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/shaw/works/lysenko.htm defense] of Stalin's pseudo-scientific [[Lysenkoism]].</ref> George Bernard Shaw, [[Socialist]]<ref>"To John M. Gillette," September 15, 1912, in Maxwell Anderson (Laurence G. Avery, Ed.), ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=iINNqp6FxU0C Dramatist in America: Letters of Maxwell Anderson, 1912-1958]'' (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001) ISBN 0807849405, p. 3</ref> Maxwell Anderson, "[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2805 card-carrying socialist]" Sinclair Lewis and [[Communist]]<ref>Theodore Dreiser, "Request to Become a Communist," ''The Daily Worker'', July 30, 1945, reprinted in Albert Fried, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=mLJbT3NMbN4C Communism in America: A History in Documents]'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997) ISBN 0231102356, p. 348-350</ref> Theodore Dreiser<ref>John Chabot Smith, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bCYrAAAAIAAJ Alger Hiss: The True Story]'' (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976) ISBN 0030137764, p. 52</ref>&mdash;the latter two famous [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,881224,00.html atheists].

As a result of his [[father]]'s [[death]], Alger [[inheritance|inherited]] $10,000,<ref>"...provided a $10000 bequest to each of the Hiss children..." G. Edward White, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=FvR4HBTiYzAC Alger Hiss's Looking-glass Wars: The Covert Life of a Soviet Spy]'' (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2004) ISBN 0195182553, p. 9</ref> the [http://data.bls.gov/cgi-bin/cpicalc.pl equivalent] of more than $200,000 today. After graduation from [http://www.baltimorecitycollege.us/ Baltimore City College] and a year at Powder Point Academy<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SPV2AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Laughing Last: Alger Hiss by Tony Hiss]'' (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977), p. 32</ref> (a private [[prep school]] in Duxbury, [[Massachusetts]])<ref>''[http://books.google.com/books?id=pCUrAAAAYAAJ A Handbook of the Best Private Schools of the United States and Canada]'' (P.E. Sargent, 1915), p. 31</ref> and the [http://oasis.lib.harvard.edu/oasis/deliver/~law00092 Maryland Institute of Art], Hiss attended [[Baltimore]]'s [http://www.times.com/books/97/03/09/reviews/chambers-prophecy.html Johns Hopkins University], where he was voted "[http://archives.newyorker.com/default.aspx?iid=18616&startpage=page0000103 best hand-shaker]" in his class.<ref>Evan Thomas, "[http://www.newsweek.com/id/103447 An American Melodrama]," ''Newsweek'', November 25, 1996</ref> As an [[undergraduate]], Hiss was drawn to the work of (among others) the [[Fabian socialism|Fabian]]<ref>Archibald Henderson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=twQBAAAAYAAJ George Bernard Shaw: His Life and Works]'' (Cincinnati: Stewart & Kidd, 1911) ISBN 1417961775, p. 102. Shaw became a loyal apologist for [[Stalinism]], penning a 1933 [http://www.garethjones.org/soviet_articles/bernard_shaw.htm Letter to the Editor] of the ''Manchester Guardian'', denouncing Malcolm Muggeridge's reporting on [[Stalin]]'s [[Holodomor|Terror Famine]] as a "lie" and a "slander"; the following year he published a 16,000-word ''[http://gutenberg.net.au/ebooks03/0300561h.html#p01 apologia]'' for Stalin's mass murders. In 1949, he even wrote a [http://www.marxists.org/reference/archive/shaw/works/lysenko.htm defense] of Stalin's pseudo-scientific [[Lysenkoism]].</ref> George Bernard Shaw, [[Socialist]]<ref>"To John M. Gillette," September 15, 1912, in Maxwell Anderson (Laurence G. Avery, Ed.), ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=iINNqp6FxU0C Dramatist in America: Letters of Maxwell Anderson, 1912-1958]'' (Chapel Hill: University of North Carolina Press, 2001) ISBN 0807849405, p. 3</ref> Maxwell Anderson, "[http://www.nybooks.com/articles/2805 card-carrying socialist]" Sinclair Lewis and [[Communist]]<ref>Theodore Dreiser, "Request to Become a Communist," ''The Daily Worker'', July 30, 1945, reprinted in Albert Fried, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=mLJbT3NMbN4C Communism in America: A History in Documents]'' (New York: Columbia University Press, 1997) ISBN 0231102356, p. 348-350</ref> Theodore Dreiser<ref>John Chabot Smith, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bCYrAAAAIAAJ Alger Hiss: The True Story]'' (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1976) ISBN 0030137764, p. 52</ref>&mdash;the latter two famous [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,881224,00.html atheists].

Hiss' favorite [[instructor|instructors]] included [http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/30/obituaries/broadus-mitchell-95-professor-historian-and-hamilton-authority.html Broadus Mitchell], who, according to Hiss, was simply a "gifted" [[economics]] [[professor]] who happened to hold some "mildly socialistic" views.<ref>Alger Hiss, Draft of a Chapter Written By Alger Hiss on the Foundations For His Liberalism (Alger Hiss papers, Small Manuscript Collection, Special Collections, Harvard Law School)</ref> But Mitchell, according to the personal Web site of Hiss' [[son]], Tony,<ref> After Hiss' son, a visiting scholar at New York University, originally set up the site on an NYU server, the university [http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/16/technology/online-the-hiss-defense-doesn-t-rest.html?pagewanted=all  requested] that he move it elsewhere "to designate it more clearly as a personal site rather than an academic one." The Web site is run out of the [http://www.slate.com/id/1007346/pagenum/all/ home] of "Web master" Jeff Kisseloff, [http://www.thenation.com/directory/bios/jeff_kisseloff archivist] of ''The Nation'' magazine, and is [http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/insiteasp/archive/insite277.html funded] by The Nation Institute, which is in turn [http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/funderprofile.asp?fndid=5181&category=79 funded] by billionaire [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/19/us/politics/19delegates.html?pagewanted=print Obama-booster] [[George Soros]]. Buried on the site is the [http://homepages.nyu.edu/~th15/aboutus.html admission] that its purpose is to present only "the case for the defense," not both sides. Cornell Law Library [http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/insiteasp/archive/insite277.html notes], "The site has a noticeable editorial bias in favor of Hiss." ''New York Times Book Review'' editor Sam Tanenhaus [http://www.slate.com/id/1007346/pagenum/all/ agrees], "It's a blatantly pro-Hiss operation whose agenda is to advocate his innocence." Then-Columbia University historian David Greenberg (now at [http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~davidgr/ Rutgers]) has [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/19/us/politics/19delegates.html?pagewanted=print said], "I don't think anyone is going to treat this site as the repository of truth, except for those who have already made up their minds that Hiss was innocent."</ref> was actually a [ well-known socialist]. He served as [http://www.hofstra.edu/Libraries/WestCampus/SpecialCollections/sc_afc_broadus_mitchell.cfm candidate] for [[Governor]] of [[Maryland]] for the [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,761370,00.html Socialist Party] (U.S. supporter of the [[Comintern]]),<ref>Document No. 7: "Minority Report Adopted by Overwhelming Party Vote on Referendum on Submission to the Emergency National Convention Held at Chicago, September, 1919," reprinted in Joint Legislative Committee of the State of New York Investigating Seditious Activities, ''Revolutionary Radicalism: Its History, Purpose and Tactics'', Part I, Vol. I (Albany: J.B. Lyon Company, 1920), p. 626</ref> and distinguished socialism from [[communism]] only in "[[strategy]] and [[procedure]]," not "essential [[theory]]."<ref>Broadus Mitchell, ''A Preface to Economics'' (Henry Holt & Co., 1932-34), pp. 556-557</ref> Another favorite was José Robles,<ref>Matthew Richer, "[http://www.mmisi.org/ma/46_04/richer.pdf The Ongoing Campaign of Alger Hiss: The Sins of the Father]," ''Modern Age'', Vol. 46, No. 4 (Fall 2004), p. 310 (PDF p. 4)</ref> a committed [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/reviews/reviewview.cfm?id=2 Stalinist] who would go on to serve in the [[Spanish Civil War]] as a [[Colonel]] in the [[Red Army]] and interpreter for [[General]] [http://www.latfilma.lv/d/106/ Jānis Bērziņš],<ref>Paul Johnson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=MAuzkb28pKQC Intellectuals]'' (HarperCollins, 1990) ISBN 0060916575, p. 156; James R. Mellow, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LQptupxaGwsC Hemingway: A Life Without Consequences]'' (Da Capo Press, 1993) ISBN 020162620, p. 506</ref> head of [[GRU|Soviet military intelligence]].<ref>Hugh Thomas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=6I126r99NQ4C The Spanish Civil War]'' (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994) ISBN 0671758764, p. 380</ref> Robles was [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/10/31/051031crbo_books?currentPage=all never seen again] after Bērziņš was recalled to [[Moscow]]<ref>Roy Aleksandrovich Medvedev, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=zQ8BO3cenfoC Let History Judge: The Origins and Consequences of Stalinism]'' (tr. George Shriver) (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989) ISBN 0231063504, p. 428</ref> and shot in [[Stalin]]'s [http://books.google.com/books?id=KzIfHQAACAAJ Great Terror] in 1938.<ref>David J. Nordlander, "Origins of a Gulag Capital: Magadan and Stalinist Control in the Early 1930s," ''Slavic Review'', Vol. 57, No. 4 (Winter, 1998), pp. 791-812</ref> Robles had apparently been [[execution|executed]] by a [[Communist]] "[http://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/24/books/intellectuals-and-assassins-annals-of-stalin-s-killerati.html?pagewanted=all special section]," according to former [http://reconstruction.eserver.org/081/beja.shtml fellow traveller] [http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap7/dospassos.html John Dos Passos], because he "knew too much about the relations between the [[Spain|Spanish]] war ministry and the [[Kremlin]]."<ref>Stephen Koch, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=buhlAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 The Breaking Point: Hemingway, Dos Passos, and the Murder of Jose Robles]'' (Madrid: Ediciones Palabra, 2006) ISBN 1582432813, p. 272</ref> Hiss, who apparently knew Robles well enough to spend time at his [[home]],<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SPV2AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Laughing Last: Alger Hiss by Tony Hiss]'' (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977), ISBN 039524899X, pp. 37-38</ref> would later say he too considered going to [[Spain]] to join the [[Soviet]]-backed "[[Loyalist]]" forces.<ref>John Chabot Smith, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bCYrAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 Alger Hiss: The True Story]'' (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976), ISBN 0030137764, p. 104</ref>

Hiss' favorite [[instructor|instructors]] included [http://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/30/obituaries/broadus-mitchell-95-professor-historian-and-hamilton-authority.html Broadus Mitchell], who, according to Hiss, was simply a "gifted" [[economics]] [[professor]] who happened to hold some "mildly socialistic" views.<ref>Alger Hiss, Draft of a Chapter Written By Alger Hiss on the Foundations For His Liberalism (Alger Hiss papers, Small Manuscript Collection, Special Collections, Harvard Law School)</ref> But Mitchell, according to the personal Web site of Hiss' [[son]], Tony,<ref> After Hiss' son, a visiting scholar at New York University, originally set up the site on an NYU server, the university [http://www.nytimes.com/2001/08/16/technology/online-the-hiss-defense-doesn-t-rest.html?pagewanted=all  requested] that he move it elsewhere "to designate it more clearly as a personal site rather than an academic one." The Web site is run out of the [http://www.slate.com/id/1007346/pagenum/all/ home] of "Web master" Jeff Kisseloff, [http://www.thenation.com/directory/bios/jeff_kisseloff archivist] of ''The Nation'' magazine, and is [http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/insiteasp/archive/insite277.html funded] by The Nation Institute, which is in turn [http://www.discoverthenetworks.org/funderprofile.asp?fndid=5181&category=79 funded] by billionaire [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/19/us/politics/19delegates.html?pagewanted=print Obama-booster] [[George Soros]]. Buried on the site is the [http://homepages.nyu.edu/~th15/aboutus.html admission] that its purpose is to present only "the case for the defense," not both sides. Cornell Law Library [http://library2.lawschool.cornell.edu/insiteasp/archive/insite277.html notes], "The site has a noticeable editorial bias in favor of Hiss." ''New York Times Book Review'' editor Sam Tanenhaus [http://www.slate.com/id/1007346/pagenum/all/ agrees], "It's a blatantly pro-Hiss operation whose agenda is to advocate his innocence." Then-Columbia University historian David Greenberg (now at [http://www.scils.rutgers.edu/~davidgr/ Rutgers]) has [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/03/19/us/politics/19delegates.html?pagewanted=print said], "I don't think anyone is going to treat this site as the repository of truth, except for those who have already made up their minds that Hiss was innocent."</ref> was actually a well-known socialist. He served as [http://www.hofstra.edu/Libraries/WestCampus/SpecialCollections/sc_afc_broadus_mitchell.cfm candidate] for [[Governor]] of [[Maryland]] for the [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,761370,00.html Socialist Party] (U.S. supporter of the [[Comintern]]),<ref>Document No. 7: "Minority Report Adopted by Overwhelming Party Vote on Referendum on Submission to the Emergency National Convention Held at Chicago, September, 1919," reprinted in Joint Legislative Committee of the State of New York Investigating Seditious Activities, ''Revolutionary Radicalism: Its History, Purpose and Tactics'', Part I, Vol. I (Albany: J.B. Lyon Company, 1920), p. 626</ref> and distinguished socialism from [[communism]] only in "[[strategy]] and [[procedure]]," not "essential [[theory]]."<ref>Broadus Mitchell, ''A Preface to Economics'' (Henry Holt & Co., 1932-34), pp. 556-557</ref> Another favorite was José Robles,<ref>Matthew Richer, "[http://www.mmisi.org/ma/46_04/richer.pdf The Ongoing Campaign of Alger Hiss: The Sins of the Father]," ''Modern Age'', Vol. 46, No. 4 (Fall 2004), p. 310 (PDF p. 4)</ref> a committed [http://ehistory.osu.edu/osu/reviews/reviewview.cfm?id=2 Stalinist] who would go on to serve in the [[Spanish Civil War]] as a [[Colonel]] in the [[Red Army]] and interpreter for [[General]] [http://www.latfilma.lv/d/106/ Jānis Bērziņš],<ref>Paul Johnson, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=MAuzkb28pKQC Intellectuals]'' (HarperCollins, 1990) ISBN 0060916575, p. 156; James R. Mellow, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=LQptupxaGwsC Hemingway: A Life Without Consequences]'' (Da Capo Press, 1993) ISBN 020162620, p. 506</ref> head of [[GRU|Soviet military intelligence]].<ref>Hugh Thomas, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=6I126r99NQ4C The Spanish Civil War]'' (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994) ISBN 0671758764, p. 380</ref> Robles was [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2005/10/31/051031crbo_books?currentPage=all never seen again] after Bērziņš was recalled to [[Moscow]]<ref>Roy Aleksandrovich Medvedev, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=zQ8BO3cenfoC Let History Judge: The Origins and Consequences of Stalinism]'' (tr. George Shriver) (New York: Columbia University Press, 1989) ISBN 0231063504, p. 428</ref> and shot in [[Stalin]]'s [http://books.google.com/books?id=KzIfHQAACAAJ Great Terror] in 1938.<ref>David J. Nordlander, "Origins of a Gulag Capital: Magadan and Stalinist Control in the Early 1930s," ''Slavic Review'', Vol. 57, No. 4 (Winter, 1998), pp. 791-812</ref> Robles had apparently been [[execution|executed]] by a [[Communist]] "[http://www.nytimes.com/1988/01/24/books/intellectuals-and-assassins-annals-of-stalin-s-killerati.html?pagewanted=all special section]," according to former [http://reconstruction.eserver.org/081/beja.shtml fellow traveller] [http://www.csustan.edu/english/reuben/pal/chap7/dospassos.html John Dos Passos], because he "knew too much about the relations between the [[Spain|Spanish]] war ministry and the [[Kremlin]]."<ref>Stephen Koch, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=buhlAAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 The Breaking Point: Hemingway, Dos Passos, and the Murder of Jose Robles]'' (Madrid: Ediciones Palabra, 2006) ISBN 1582432813, p. 272</ref> Hiss, who apparently knew Robles well enough to spend time at his [[home]],<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=SPV2AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 Laughing Last: Alger Hiss by Tony Hiss]'' (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1977), ISBN 039524899X, pp. 37-38</ref> would later say he too considered going to [[Spain]] to join the [[Soviet]]-backed "[[Loyalist]]" forces.<ref>John Chabot Smith, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=bCYrAAAAIAAJ&pgis=1 Alger Hiss: The True Story]'' (New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston, 1976), ISBN 0030137764, p. 104</ref>

===Harvard Law School===

===Harvard Law School===