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→References: add bibl
* If there no majority in the [[Electoral College]], the Senate selects the Vice President while the House selects the President. The Senate has only used this power once: in 1837, when it elected [[Richard Mentor Johnson]] Vice President after Virginia's delegates to the Electoral College voted for Martin Van Buren but refused to vote for him, giving him one vote shy of a majority. Under the Twelfth Amendment, the Senate elected Johnson 36 to 16 with three abstentions along sharp party lines.
* If there no majority in the [[Electoral College]], the Senate selects the Vice President while the House selects the President. The Senate has only used this power once: in 1837, when it elected [[Richard Mentor Johnson]] Vice President after Virginia's delegates to the Electoral College voted for Martin Van Buren but refused to vote for him, giving him one vote shy of a majority. Under the Twelfth Amendment, the Senate elected Johnson 36 to 16 with three abstentions along sharp party lines.
==References==
==Bibliography==
===Official Senate histories===
The following are published by the Senate Historical Office.
* ''[[Biographical Directory of the United States Congress]], 1774–1989''
* [[Robert C. Byrd]]. ''The Senate, 1789–1989''. Four volumes.
** Vol. I, a chronological series of addresses on the history of the Senate
** Vol. II, a topical series of addresses on various aspects of the Senate's operation and powers
** Vol. III, Classic Speeches, 1830–1993
** Vol. IV, Historical Statistics, 1789–1992
* Dole, Bob. ''Historical Almanac of the United States Senate''
* Hatfield, Mark O., with the Senate Historical Office. ''Vice Presidents of the United States, 1789–1993'' ([http://www.senate.gov/artandhistory/history/common/briefing/Vice_President.htm essays reprinted online])
* Frumin, Alan S. ''[http://www.gpoaccess.gov/riddick/index.html Riddick's Senate Procedure]''. (1992).
===Scholarly studies ===
* Baker, Richard A. ''The Senate of the United States: A Bicentennial History'' (1988).
* Baker, Richard A., ed., ''First Among Equals: Outstanding Senate Leaders of the Twentieth Century'' Congressional Quarterly, 1991. biographies of famous Senators
* Barone, Michael, and Grant Ujifusa, ''The Almanac of American Politics 1976: The Senators, the Representatives and the Governors: Their Records and Election Results, Their States and Districts'' (1975); new edition every 2 years; latest issue August 2009.
* David W. Brady and Mathew D. McCubbins. ''Party, Process, and Political Change in Congress: New Perspectives on the History of Congress'' (2002)
* Caro, Robert A. ''The Years of Lyndon Johnson. Vol. 3: Master of the Senate.'' Knopf, 2002.
* Comiskey, Michael. ''Seeking Justices: The Judging of Supreme Court Nominees'' U. Press of Kansas, 2004.
* Congressional Quarterly '' Congress and the Nation: 2001–2004: A Review of Government and Politics: 107th and 108th Congresses '' (2005); massive, highly detailed summary of Congressional activity, as well as major executive and judicial decisions; based on ''Congressional Quarterly Weekly Report'' and the annual CQ almanac; (CQ is a private company; it is nonpartisan and relied upon by all Senate watchers)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1997–2001 '' (2002)
** Congressional Quarterly. ''Congress and the Nation: 1993–1996 '' (1998)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1989–1992 '' (1993)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1985–1988 '' (1989)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1981–1984 '' (1985)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1977–1980 '' (1981)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1973–1976 '' (1977)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1969–1972 '' (1973)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1965–1968 '' (1969)
** Congressional Quarterly, ''Congress and the Nation: 1945–1964 '' (1965), the first of the series
* Cooper, John Milton, Jr. ''Breaking the Heart of the World: Woodrow Wilson and the Fight for the League of Nations. '' (2001).
* Davidson, Roger H., and Walter J. Oleszek, eds. ''Congress and Its Members'', (CQ, 10th ed. 2007) (Legislative procedure, informal practices, and member information)
* Gould, Lewis L. ''The Most Exclusive Club: A History Of The Modern United States Senate'' (2005), the best history, by a leading historian
* Hernon, Joseph Martin. ''Profiles in Character: Hubris and Heroism in the U.S. Senate, 1789–1990'' (1997).
* Hoebeke, C. H. ''The Road to Mass Democracy: Original Intent and the Seventeenth Amendment.'' (1995). (popular elections of Senators)
* Lee, Frances E. and Oppenheimer, Bruce I. ''Sizing Up the Senate: The Unequal Consequences of Equal Representation.'' (1999). 304 pp.
* Malsberger, John W. ''From Obstruction to Moderation: The Transformation of Senate Conservatism, 1938–1952.'' (2000)
* Mann, Robert. ''The Walls of Jericho: Lyndon Johnson, Hubert Humphrey, Richard Russell and the Struggle for Civil Rights.'' (1996)
* Ritchie, Donald A. ''Press Gallery: Congress and the Washington Correspondents''. (1991).
* Ritchie, Donald A. ''The Congress of the United States: A Student Companion'' (2nd ed. 2001).
* Ritchie, Donald A. ''Reporting from Washington: The History of the Washington Press Corps'' (2005).
* Rothman, David. ''Politics and Power the United States Senate 1869–1901'' (1966)
* Swift, Elaine K. ''The Making of an American Senate: Reconstitutive Change in Congress, 1787–1841''. (1996)
* Valeo, Frank. ''Mike Mansfield, Majority Leader: A Different Kind of Senate, 1961–1976'' (1999) Montana Democrat and majority leader
* VanBeek, Stephen D. ''Post-Passage Politics: Bicameral Resolution in Congress.'' (1995)
* Weller, Cecil Edward, Jr. ''Joe T. Robinson: Always a Loyal Democrat.'' (1998). (Arkansas Democrat who was Majority leader in 1930s)
* Wirls, Daniel and Wirls, Stephen. ''The Invention of the United States Senate'' (2004). (Early history)
* Zelizer, Julian E. ''On Capitol Hill : The Struggle to Reform Congress and its Consequences, 1948–2000'' (2006)
* Zelizer, Julian E., ed. ''The American Congress: The Building of Democracy'' (2004) (overview)
====References====
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