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'''Robert Malthus''' (born Thomas Robert Malthus, 1766-1834) was a [[British]] demographer and economist best known for his gloomy prediction that population growth would always outstrip food supply. He warned in 1798 that unless population growth was controlled the world's population would grow faster than the food supply and mass starvation would result.  His population theory infamously inspired the atheist [[Charles Darwin]]'s [[Theory of Evolution]]. He wrote, "In October 1838... I happened to read for amusement Malthus on Population... it at once struck me that under these circumstances favorable variations would tend to be preserved, and unfavorable ones to be destroyed. The result of this would be the formation of new species."

'''Robert Malthus''' (born Thomas Robert Malthus, 1766-1834) was a [[British]] demographer and economist best known for his gloomy prediction that population growth would always outstrip food supply. He warned in 1798 that unless population growth was controlled the world's population would grow faster than the food supply and mass starvation would result.  His population theory was one of the first and most important complex socio-economic models for predicting the future. The model inspired [[Charles Darwin]]'s [[Theory of Evolution]]<ref> Darwin wrote, "In October 1838... I happened to read for amusement Malthus on Population... it at once struck me that under these circumstances favorable variations would tend to be preserved, and unfavorable ones to be destroyed. The result of this would be the formation of new species."</ref>.

==Career==

==Career==

Malthus was born near Wotton, Surrey, England, on Feb. 13, 1766. His wealthy father, educated at Oxford and a friend and admirer of [[David Hume]] and [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], was a critic of the existing educational system; Malthus was home schooled by his father and by private tutors. He attended Jesus College, Cambridge, graduating with distinction in mathematics and classics in 1788.  Malthus was ordained as an Anglican clergyman in 1788 and married in 1804. In 1796 he became an Anglican curate at Albury, Surrey at £40 a year. He was conscientious, devout, and pious in the performance of his clerical duties.

Malthus was born near Wotton, Surrey, England, on Feb. 13, 1766. His wealthy father, educated at Oxford and a friend and admirer of [[David Hume]] and [[Jean-Jacques Rousseau]], was a critic of the existing educational system; Malthus was home schooled by his father and by private tutors. He attended Jesus College, Cambridge, graduating with distinction in mathematics and classics in 1788.  Malthus was ordained as an Anglican clergyman in 1788 and married in 1804. In 1796 he became an Anglican curate at Albury, Surrey at £40 a year. He was conscientious, devout, and pious in the performance of his clerical duties.

His first published work appeared anonymously in 1798—''An Essay on the Principle of Population as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society''--and brought him immediate fame.  It was a popular pamphlet but the 2nd (1803) and later editions were greatly expanded with much more evidence.  Malthus acknowledged his debts to the writings of [[David Hume]], [[Robert Wallace]], [[Adam Smith]], and [[Richard Price]], among others.  Malthus was married and the father of three children; he usually signed his essays, "The Rev. Robert Malthus" and seldom used the first name Thomas

His first published work appeared anonymously in 1798—''An Essay on the Principle of Population as It Affects the Future Improvement of Society''--and brought him immediate fame.  It was a popular pamphlet but the 2nd (1803) and later editions were greatly expanded with much more evidence.  Malthus acknowledged his debts to the writings of [[David Hume]], [[Robert Wallace]], [[Adam Smith]], and [[Richard Price]], among others.  Malthus was married and the father of three children; he usually signed his essays, "The Rev. Robert Malthus" and seldom used the first name Thomas.

In 1805 Malthus was appointed professor of history and political economy at the East India College, at Haileybury, established for training civil servants for the East India Company. He was Britain's first professor of economics.  He was a favorite of students who called him Old Pop (for "Population Malthus"), but sometimes had to deal with student riots. In 1811 he became close friends with the brilliant economist [[David Ricardo]]. Malthus helped found the [[Royal Statistical Society]] in 1834, the first of the world’s many statistical societies. In 1820 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. He died suddenly of heart disease on Dec. 29, 1834.  

In 1805 Malthus was appointed professor of history and political economy at the East India College, at Haileybury, established for training civil servants for the East India Company. He was Britain's first professor of economics.  He was a favorite of students who called him Old Pop (for "Population Malthus"), but sometimes had to deal with student riots. In 1811 he became close friends with the brilliant economist [[David Ricardo]]. Malthus helped found the [[Royal Statistical Society]] in 1834, the first of the world’s many statistical societies. In 1820 he was elected a fellow of the Royal Society. He died suddenly of heart disease on Dec. 29, 1834.  

* Petersen, William. ''Malthus'' (1979), emphasis on his ideas and critics

* Petersen, William. ''Malthus'' (1979), emphasis on his ideas and critics

* J. M. Pullen, "Malthus, (Thomas) Robert (1766–1834)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,'' 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com.proxy.cc.uic.edu/view/article/17902, online]

* J. M. Pullen, "Malthus, (Thomas) Robert (1766–1834)", ''Oxford Dictionary of National Biography,'' 2004 [http://www.oxforddnb.com.proxy.cc.uic.edu/view/article/17902, online]

* J. R. Pullen. "Malthus's theological ideas and their influence on his principle of population", ''History of Political Economy,'' 13 ( 1981), 39-54.  

* J. R. Pullen. "Malthus's theological ideas and their influence on his principle of population", ''History of Political Economy,'' 13 (1981), 39-54.  

* Michael Turner, ed. ''Malthus and his Time,'' (1986), essays by scholars  

* Michael Turner, ed. ''Malthus and his Time,'' (1986), essays by scholars  

* Winch, Donald. ''Malthus'' (1987) 117pp

* Winch, Donald. ''Malthus'' (1987) 117pp