Changes

===Purged from Unions===

===Purged from Unions===

In an incident that typifies the combination of local and national pressures that drove the [[CIO]] to expel Communists from union leadership between 1946 and 1950, Michael Quill, the international president of the Transport Workers Union (TWU), led an effort between 1948 and 1949 to drive Communists from Miami's TWU Local 500, Florida's largest CIO affiliate. Accused by the ''Miami Daily News'' of conspiring with Latin American Communists and threatened with a House Un-American Activities Committee investigation, Local 500 became vulnerable to a takeover by the anti-Communist leadership of [{Walter Reuther]]'s anti-Communist [[United Auto Workers]]. Faced with pressure from both the national CIO leadership and rank-and-file members, Quill first severed his own affiliations with the Communist Party and then removed Communist Party member Charles Smolikoff and his allies from Local 500 leadership positions. Quill's expulsion of Smolikoff exemplifies the bargain the CIO made with America in the late 1940s and early 1950s in which the CIO protected itself from anti-Communist hysteria but lost the militancy and progressive political visions of committed Stalinists.<ref> Alex Lichtenstein, "Putting Labor's House in Order: The Transport Workers Union and Labor Anti-Communism in Miami during the 1940s". ''Labor History'' 1998 39(1): 7-23. 0023-656x </ref>  

In an incident that typifies the combination of local and national pressures that drove the [[CIO]] to expel Communists from union leadership between 1946 and 1950, Michael Quill, the international president of the Transport Workers Union (TWU), led an effort between 1948 and 1949 to drive Communists from Miami's TWU Local 500, Florida's largest CIO affiliate. Accused by the ''Miami Daily News'' of conspiring with Latin American Communists and threatened with a House Un-American Activities Committee investigation, Local 500 became vulnerable to a takeover by the anti-Communist leadership of [{Walter Reuther]]'s anti-Communist [[United Auto Workers]]. Faced with pressure from both the national CIO leadership and rank-and-file members, Quill first severed his own affiliations with the Communist Party and then removed Communist Party member Charles Smolikoff and his allies from Local 500 leadership positions. Quill's expulsion of Smolikoff exemplifies the bargain the CIO made with America in the late 1940s and early 1950s in which the CIO protected itself from anti-Communist hysteria but lost the militancy and progressive political visions of committed Stalinists.<ref> Alex Lichtenstein, "Putting Labor's House in Order: The Transport Workers Union and Labor Anti-Communism in Miami during the 1940s". ''Labor History'' 1998 39(1): 7-23. 0023-656x </ref>

===Subversive Activities Control Act ===

===Subversive Activities Control Act ===