Siteadmin, oversight, Administrators
5,098
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 1:
Line 1: − {{President+ − |image=Rudy Giuliani.jpg − |seq=Former Candidate for − |term_start=Mayor of New York City, January 1, 1994 − |term_end=December 31, 2001 − |party=Republican − |previous=David Dinkins − |next=Michael Bloomberg − |birth_date=May 28, 1944 − |birth_place=Brooklyn, New York − |spouse=Judith Nathan − |religion=[[Roman Catholic]] − }} − '''Rudy Giuliani''' (born Rudolph William Giuliani, May 28, 1944 in [[Brooklyn]], New York) gained worldwide fame and became a hero to New Yorkers & the nation for his decisive action in the aftermath of the [[9/11]] attacks. He was ''Time'' Magazine's "Person of the Year" and became known as "America's Mayor." As [[Republican Party|Republican]] mayor of New York City he cleaned up crime, cut taxes, built up business, fought the unions, and restored the future of the city, gaining the reputation as one of the greatest mayors in history. Previously he was [[United States Attorney]] and Deputy U.S. Attorney General. In 2007-8 Giuliani emerged as an early front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination, but faltered late in 2007 and did poorly in the primaries. − + + + + + − + Line 28:
Line 19: + + + + + + + + + + − The Reagan Administration brought Giuliani to Washington in 1981 as Associate Attorney General, the third highest position in the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]. He supervised all of the US Attorney Offices' Federal law enforcement agencies, the Bureau of Corrections, the Drug Enforcement Agency, and the US Marshals.+ − In 1983, Reagan appointed Giuliani to be US Attorney for the Southern District of New York. he vigorously went after drug dealers and organized crime, seeking to break the web of corruption in government; he actively prosecuted white-collar criminals. He achieved an unprecedented record of 4,152 convictions with only 25 reversals.<ref> "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>+ + − ==Mayoral Campaigns and Service==+ − In 1989, Giuliani ran for mayor of New York City on the Republican and Liberal tickets, losing narrowly to Democrat David Dinkins. In a rematch in 1993, Giuliani stressed quality of life, crime, business and education. He was elected the 107th Mayor of the City of New York and in 1997 he was re-elected by a wide margin, carrying four out of five boroughs. − As Mayor, Rudy Giuliani sought to return accountability to city government and improve the quality of life for all New Yorkers. Under his leadership, overall crime fell 57%, murder was reduced 65%, and New York was been recognized by the F.B.I. as the safest large city in America for five consecutive years. Among Giuliani's most notable accomplishments during his mayoralty was his successful assault on [[pornography]] businesses in [[Times Square]]. The neighborhood had long been a mecca for "sexually oriented businesses", but through a prolonged campaign which included maintaining an alliance of local businesses, conservative and feminist groups and the general public, Giuliani managed to clean it up and replaced it with legitimate theaters, restaurants and shops, making it a world class tourist attraction for families. In his 2008 presidential campaign, Giuliani repeatedly talked about his mayoral achievements, losing the attention of many supporters.<ref>"A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html]; See also[http://www.time.com/time/poy2001/ "Time's 2001 Person of the Year Rudy Giuliani"]</ref>+ − He tried and failed to change the city's law prohibiting a third consecutive term. He began Giuliani Partners, which immediately became a consultant to businesses worldwide on dealing with terrorism. He gave many highly-paid speeches on how leadership can deal with terrible crises, like he did, and in 2002 published ''Leadership'', recounting how he handled 9-11. + − Giuliani strongly recommended in 2004 that his business partner and former city police chief [[Bernard Kerik|Bernard B. Kerik]] be named Secretary of Homeland Security. President [[George W. Bush]] was about to do so when it was learned that Kerik was involved in multiple scandals. In November, 2007, Kerik was indicted by a federal grand jury on corruption charges relating to his former position under Giuliani, as well as personal tax evasion charges. The indictment seriously weakened the Giuliani presidential bid.<ref>John Solomon and Matthew Mosk, "Ex-Partner Of Giuliani May Face Charges," [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/30/AR2007033002425.html ''Washington Post'' March 31, 2007]</ref>+ Line 51:
Line 52: + + + + − +
no edit summary
[[Image:Rudy Giuliani.jpg|right|175px]]
Giuliani brought a new, conservative approach to the ills of New York City. He argued that crime's root cause was not poverty but poor law enforcement; poverty was not alleviated by social welfare programs but perpetuated by them; and the public schools needed not more money but fewer bureaucrats. He made major efforts to reform city affairs, opposed at every step by labor unions, social-service agencies, the school bureaucracy, and identity-group politicians. He became a media favorite based on his conservative crime fighting and his liberal positions on [[abortion]] and [[homosexuality]]. As mayor he would hold almost daily press conferences, and his personal indiscretions regarding his married life became favorite topics for the media.
'''Rudy Giuliani''' (born Rudolph William Giuliani, May 28, 1944 in [[Brooklyn]], New York) is best known for serving two terms as [[Mayor]] of [[New York City]] from 1994-2001, and gained worldwide fame and became a hero to New Yorkers and the nation for his decisive action in the aftermath of the [[9/11]] terrorist attacks. He was ''Time'' Magazine's "Person of the Year" and became known as "America's Mayor." As [[Republican Party|Republican]] mayor of New York City he cracked down on "quality of life crimes", including cleaning up time square, taking the homeless off the streets and replacing welfare offices into job centers. By the end of his two terms the unemployment rate was cut in half, the crime rate dropped 57% and the murder rate dropped 65%. <ref>http://www.draftrudy.com/record</ref> Giuliani gained the reputation of one of the greatest mayor's in history.
Giuliani brought a new, conservative approach to the ills of New York City. He argued that crime's root cause was not poverty but poor law enforcement; poverty was not alleviated by social welfare programs but perpetuated by them; and the public schools needed not more money but fewer bureaucrats. He made major efforts to reform city affairs, opposed at every step by labor unions, the board of education, social-service agencies, the school bureaucracy, and identity-group politicians. He became a media favorite based on his conservative crime fighting and his liberal positions on [[abortion]] and [[homosexuality]]. As mayor he would hold almost daily press conferences, and his personal indiscretions regarding his married life became favorite topics for the media.
Previous to serving as Mayor, Giuliani became a high ranking member of the Department of Justice in the [[Reagan]] [[administration]] in 1981. In 1983 he become U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He vigorously put drug dealers and white collar criminals in jail. In 2007-2008 Rudy Giuliani emerged as an early front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination, but faltered late in 2007 and did poorly in the primaries.
== Early Life ==
== Early Life ==
Rudolph W. Giuliani was born to a working class Italian family in Brooklyn, New York. As the grandson of immigrants, Giuliani developed a strong work ethic and a deep respect for America's ideal of equal opportunity. He attended Catholic parochial schools including Brooklyn's Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School (Class of '61). He graduated from Manhattan College (Class of '65) and New York University Law School, magna cum laude in 1968.<ref> "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>
Rudolph W. Giuliani was born to a working class [[Italian[[ family in [[Brooklyn]], [[New York]]. As the grandson of immigrants, Giuliani developed a strong work ethic and a deep respect for America's ideal of equal opportunity. He attended [[Catholic]] parochial schools including Brooklyn's Bishop Loughlin Memorial High School (Class of '61). He graduated from Manhattan College (Class of '65) and New York University Law School, magna cum laude in 1968.<ref> "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>
== Personal Life ==
== Personal Life ==
After law school Giuliani clerked for Judge Lloyd MacMahon, United States District Judge for the Southern District of New York. In 1970, he joined the office of the U.S. Attorney. At age 29, he was named Chief of the Narcotics Unit and rose to serve as executive U.S. Attorney. In 1975, Giuliani was recruited by the [[Gerald R. Ford]] administration and became Associate Deputy Attorney General and chief of staff to the Deputy Attorney General. From 1977 to 1981 he practiced law at Patterson, Belknap, Webb and Tyler in New York City.<ref> "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>
After law school Giuliani clerked for Judge Lloyd MacMahon, United States District Judge for the Southern District of New York. In 1970, he joined the office of the U.S. Attorney. At age 29, he was named Chief of the Narcotics Unit and rose to serve as executive U.S. Attorney. In 1975, Giuliani was recruited by the [[Gerald R. Ford]] administration and became Associate Deputy Attorney General and chief of staff to the Deputy Attorney General. From 1977 to 1981 he practiced law at Patterson, Belknap, Webb and Tyler in New York City.<ref> "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>
The Reagan Administration brought Giuliani to Washington in 1981 as Associate Attorney General, the third highest position in the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]. He supervised all of the US Attorney Offices' Federal law enforcement agencies, the Bureau of Corrections, the Drug Enforcement Agency, and the US Marshals. In 1983, Reagan appointed Giuliani to be US Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He gained national prominence over successfully prosecuting high profile cases.
He frequently used the Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Organizations Act (RICO) to bring down organized criminals. From 1985-1986 Giuliani indicted eleven organized crime figures under the RICO act that also included charges of extortion, labor racketeering, and murder for hire. Time Magazine called this "Case of Cases" possibly "the most significant assault on the infrastructure of organized crime since the high command of the [[Chicago]] Mafia was swept away in 1943." <ref>http://www.quickoverview.com/election2008/rudy-giuliani-overview.html</ref>
[[Wall Street]] arbitrageur [[Ivan Boesky]] earned an estimated $200 million by betting on corporate takeovers. He was violating [[insider trading]] laws by making investments based on tips received from corporate insiders. Giuliani prosecuted Boesky and was sentenced to 3.5 years in prison and fined $100 million. The case was all the more significant, in that insider trading laws were rarely enforced at the time. Boesky informed several of his insiders, including junk bond trader Michael Milken. In 1989 Giuliani charged Milken under the RICO act with 98 counts of racketeering and fraud. He paid a total of $900 million in fines and settlements.
After six years as serving as a prosecutor Giuliani's record stood at 4,125 convictions with only 25 reversals. <ref>"A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html]</ref>
==Mayoral Campaigns==
In 1989, Giuliani ran for mayor of New York City on the Republican and [[Liberal]] tickets, losing to [[Democrat]] David Dinkins in the closet election in New York City history. In a rematch in 1993, Dinkins popularity faltered after he alienated the New York City Police Department for his support for an all civilian panel to oversee brutality complaints. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/1992/06/26/nyregion/dinkins-names-police-corruption-panel-and-urges-civilian-police-review.html</ref> This led to massive protests against the Mayor. As crime rates rose, Dinkins gained the image of being weak and incumbent. On the contrary Giuliani stressed quality of life, crime, business and education. He was elected the 107th Mayor, becoming the first Republican mayor of New York City in over 25 years. In 1997 he was easily re-elected by a wide margin, carrying four out of five boroughs.
==Mayoralty of New York City==
===Crime===
As Mayor, Rudy Giuliani sought to return accountability to city government and improve the quality of life for all New Yorkers. Under his leadership, overall crime fell 57%, murder was reduced by 65%, shootings dropped 72% and New York was been recognized by the F.B.I. as the safest large city in America for five consecutive years. Although national crime rates fell in the 1990's, New York exceeded all other cities. Among Giuliani's most notable accomplishments during his mayoralty was his successful assault on [[pornography]] businesses in [[Times Square]]. The neighborhood had long been a mecca for "sexually oriented businesses", but through a prolonged campaign which included maintaining an alliance of local businesses, conservative and feminist groups and the general public, Giuliani managed to clean it up and replaced it with legitimate theaters, restaurants and shops, making it a world class tourist attraction for families.
Mayor Giuliani, along with New York City Police Department Commissioner [[Bill Bratton]], adopted an anti-crime approach known as the "Broken Window Theory." Which is the notion that if by cracking down on minor crimes such as [[graffiti]] or [[litter]], it will lead to stopping more serious crimes before they occur. In 1994 Giuliani and Bratton launched the initiative CompStat, which looked at crime geographically and charted emerging criminal patterns in certain parts of the city. The program proved to be successful in reducing crime and is still used today. However, Bratton resigned in 1996 after having personal disagreements with Giuliani.
===Economic Record===
Under Mayor Giuliani [[unemployment]] dropped from 10.4% to 5.0%, personal income rose 50%, a $2.3 billion budget deficit was turned into a $2.9 billion surplus by FY 2001, there was a 17% reduction in New Yorkers [[tax]] burden, and over 640,000 people were cut from welfare rolls.
On [[education]] Giuliani was a strong advocate of school choice. He created the Charter School Initiative in 1999, which led to creation of 17 new schools by the Fall 2001. His administration offered grants of up to $250,000 to new [[Charter Schools]]. In 1999 he placed $12 million into the budget for parochial [[school vouchers]]. Wanting to reduce school bureaucracy, Giuliani frequently battled [[liberal]]s at the New York City Board of Education.
==September 11 Terrorist Attacks==
==September 11 Terrorist Attacks==
The International Association of Fire Fighters, America's largest union of [[firefighter]]s, posted a grievance against Giuliani's November 2001 decision to reduce the number of firefighters searching the rubble of Ground Zero for the remains of some 300 fallen comrades.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/03/09/giuliani.firefighters.ap/index.html</ref>
The International Association of Fire Fighters, America's largest union of [[firefighter]]s, posted a grievance against Giuliani's November 2001 decision to reduce the number of firefighters searching the rubble of Ground Zero for the remains of some 300 fallen comrades.<ref>http://www.cnn.com/2007/POLITICS/03/09/giuliani.firefighters.ap/index.html</ref>
He tried and failed to change the city's law prohibiting a third consecutive term. He began Giuliani Partners, which immediately became a consultant to businesses worldwide on dealing with terrorism. He gave many highly-paid speeches on how leadership can deal with terrible crises, like he did, and in 2002 published ''Leadership'', recounting how he handled 9-11.
Giuliani strongly recommended in 2004 that his business partner and former city police chief [[Bernard Kerik|Bernard B. Kerik]] be named Secretary of Homeland Security. President [[George W. Bush]] was about to do so when it was learned that Kerik was involved in multiple scandals. In November, 2007, Kerik was indicted by a federal grand jury on corruption charges relating to his former position under Giuliani, as well as personal tax evasion charges. The indictment seriously weakened the Giuliani presidential bid.<ref>John Solomon and Matthew Mosk, "Ex-Partner Of Giuliani May Face Charges," [http://www.washingtonpost.com/wp-dyn/content/article/2007/03/30/AR2007033002425.html ''Washington Post'' March 31, 2007]</ref>
==2008 Presidential Campaign==
==2008 Presidential Campaign==
''Main article: [[Rudy Giuliani 2008 Presidential Campaign]]''
''Main article: [[Rudy Giuliani 2008 Presidential Campaign]]''
Giuliani ran for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in 2008. After the [[John McCain]] campaign apparently collapsed in mid 2007, Giuliani took the lead in national polls until December 2007, when he began to fall behind other candidates.<ref>http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2008/president/us/republican_presidential_nomination-192.html#polls</ref>
Giuliani ran for the Republican nomination for president of the United States in 2008. He repeatedly talked about his mayoral achievements, losing the attention of many supporters.<ref>"A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html]; See also[http://www.time.com/time/poy2001/ "Time's 2001 Person of the Year Rudy Giuliani"]</ref> After the [[John McCain]] campaign apparently collapsed in mid 2007, Giuliani took the lead in national polls until December 2007, when he began to fall behind other candidates.<ref>http://www.realclearpolitics.com/epolls/2008/president/us/republican_presidential_nomination-192.html#polls</ref>
[[Image:Rudy-911.jpg|thumb|300px|Sack editorial cartoon parodies Giuliani's overemphasis on 9-11 Oct 6, 2007]]
[[Image:Rudy-911.jpg|thumb|300px|Sack editorial cartoon parodies Giuliani's overemphasis on 9-11 Oct 6, 2007]]