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'''Rudy Giuliani''' (born Rudolph William Giuliani, May 28, 1944 in [[Brooklyn]], New York) is best known for serving two terms as [[Mayor]] of [[New York City]] from 1994-2001, and gained worldwide fame and became a hero to New Yorkers and the nation for his decisive action in the aftermath of the [[9/11]] terrorist attacks. He was ''Time'' Magazine's "Person of the Year" and became known as "America's Mayor." As [[Republican Party|Republican]] mayor of New York City he cracked down on "quality of life crimes", including cleaning up time square, taking the homeless off the streets and replacing welfare offices into job centers. By the end of his two terms the unemployment rate was cut in half, the crime rate dropped 57% and the murder rate dropped 65%. <ref>http://www.draftrudy.com/record</ref> Giuliani gained the reputation of one of the greatest mayor's in history.

'''Rudy Giuliani''' (born Rudolph William Giuliani, May 28, 1944 in [[Brooklyn]], New York) is best known for serving two terms as [[Mayor]] of [[New York City]] from 1994-2001, and gained worldwide fame and became a hero to New Yorkers and the nation for his decisive action in the aftermath of the [[9/11]] terrorist attacks. He was ''Time'' Magazine's "Person of the Year" and became known as "America's Mayor." As [[Republican Party|Republican]] mayor of New York City he cracked down on "quality of life crimes", including cleaning up time square, taking the homeless off the streets and replacing welfare offices into job centers. By the end of his two terms the unemployment rate was cut in half, the crime rate dropped 57% and the murder rate dropped 65%. <ref>http://www.draftrudy.com/record</ref> Giuliani gained the reputation of one of the greatest mayor's in history.

Giuliani brought a new, conservative approach to the ills of New York City. He argued that crime's root cause was not poverty but poor law enforcement; poverty was not alleviated by social welfare programs but perpetuated by them; and the public schools needed not more money but fewer bureaucrats. He made major efforts to reform city affairs, opposed at every step by labor unions, the board of education, social-service agencies, the school bureaucracy, and identity-group politicians. He became a media favorite based on his conservative crime fighting and his liberal positions on [[abortion]] and [[homosexuality]]. As mayor he would hold almost daily press conferences, and his personal indiscretions regarding his married life became favorite topics for the media.

Giuliani brought a new, conservative approach to the ills of New York City. He argued that crime's root cause was not poverty but poor law enforcement; poverty was not alleviated by social welfare programs but perpetuated by them; and the public schools needed not more money but fewer bureaucrats. He made major efforts to reform city affairs, opposed at every step by labor unions, the board of education, social-service agencies, the school bureaucracy, and identity-group politicians. He became a media favorite based on his conservative crime fighting and his liberal positions on [[abortion]] and [[homosexuality]]. As mayor he would hold almost daily press conferences, and his personal indiscretions regarding his married life became favorite topics for the media. He also hosted his own radio show once a week entitled ''Live From City Hall With Rudy Giuliani''. The show would discuss current city events. When open call were taken, Giuliani would let the caller know if he disagreed with him. 

Previous to serving as Mayor, Giuliani became a high ranking member of the Department of Justice in the [[Reagan]] [[administration]] in 1981. In 1983 he become U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He vigorously put drug dealers and white collar criminals in jail. In 2007-2008 Rudy Giuliani emerged as an early front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination, but faltered late in 2007 and did poorly in the primaries.   

Previous to serving as Mayor, Giuliani became a high ranking member of the Department of Justice in the [[Reagan]] [[administration]] in 1981. In 1983 he become U.S. Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He vigorously put drug dealers and white collar criminals in jail. In 2007-2008 Rudy Giuliani emerged as an early front-runner for the Republican presidential nomination, but faltered late in 2007 and did poorly in the primaries.   

==Legal Career==

==Legal Career==

After law school Giuliani clerked for Judge Lloyd MacMahon, United States District Judge for the Southern District of New York. In 1970, he joined the office of the U.S. Attorney. At age 29, he was named Chief of the Narcotics Unit and rose to serve as executive U.S. Attorney. In 1975, Giuliani was recruited by the [[Gerald R. Ford]] administration and became Associate Deputy Attorney General and chief of staff to the Deputy Attorney General. From 1977 to 1981 he practiced law at Patterson, Belknap, Webb and Tyler in New York City.<ref>  "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>

[[Image:Giuliani_and_reagan.jpg|left|thumb|300px|Rudy Giuliani with President Reagan]] After law school Giuliani clerked for Judge Lloyd MacMahon, United States District Judge for the Southern District of New York. In 1970, he joined the office of the U.S. Attorney. At age 29, he was named Chief of the Narcotics Unit and rose to serve as executive U.S. Attorney. In 1975, Giuliani was recruited by the [[Gerald R. Ford]] administration and became Associate Deputy Attorney General and chief of staff to the Deputy Attorney General. From 1977 to 1981 he practiced law at Patterson, Belknap, Webb and Tyler in New York City.<ref>  "A Biography Of Mayor Rudolph W. Giuliani" The City of New York Office of the Mayor [http://www.nyc.gov/html/records/rwg/html/bio.html] </ref>

The Reagan Administration brought Giuliani to Washington in 1981 as Associate Attorney General, the third highest position in the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]. He supervised all of the US Attorney Offices' Federal law enforcement agencies, the Bureau of Corrections, the Drug Enforcement Agency, and the US Marshals. In 1983, Reagan appointed Giuliani to be US Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He gained national prominence over successfully prosecuting high profile cases.  

The Reagan Administration brought Giuliani to Washington in 1981 as Associate Attorney General, the third highest position in the [[U.S. Department of Justice]]. He supervised all of the US Attorney Offices' Federal law enforcement agencies, the Bureau of Corrections, the Drug Enforcement Agency, and the US Marshals. In 1983, Reagan appointed Giuliani to be US Attorney for the Southern District of New York. He gained national prominence over successfully prosecuting high profile cases.  

===Crime===

===Crime===

As Mayor, Rudy Giuliani sought to return accountability to city government and improve the quality of life for all New Yorkers. Under his leadership, overall crime fell 57%, murder was reduced by 65%, shootings dropped 72% and New York was been recognized by the F.B.I. as the safest large city in America for five consecutive years. Although national crime rates fell in the 1990's, New York exceeded all other cities. Among Giuliani's most notable accomplishments during his mayoralty was his successful assault on [[pornography]] businesses in [[Times Square]]. The neighborhood had long been a mecca for "sexually oriented businesses", but through a prolonged campaign which included maintaining an alliance of local businesses, conservative and feminist groups and the general public, Giuliani managed to clean it up and replaced it with legitimate theaters, restaurants and shops, making it a world class tourist attraction for families.  

[[Image:Rudy giuliani1.jpg‎|right|175px]]As Mayor, Rudy Giuliani sought to return accountability to city government and improve the quality of life for all New Yorkers. Under his leadership, overall crime fell 57%, murder was reduced by 65%, shootings dropped 72% and New York was been recognized by the F.B.I. as the safest large city in America for five consecutive years. Although national crime rates fell in the 1990's, New York exceeded all other cities. Among Giuliani's most notable accomplishments during his mayoralty was his successful assault on [[pornography]] businesses in [[Times Square]]. The neighborhood had long been a mecca for "sexually oriented businesses", but through a prolonged campaign which included maintaining an alliance of local businesses, conservative and feminist groups and the general public, Giuliani managed to clean it up and replaced it with legitimate theaters, restaurants and shops, making it a world class tourist attraction for families.  

Mayor Giuliani, along with New York City Police Department Commissioner [[Bill Bratton]], adopted an anti-crime approach known as the "Broken Window Theory." Which is the notion that if by cracking down on minor crimes such as [[graffiti]] or [[litter]], it will lead to stopping more serious crimes before they occur. In 1994 Giuliani and Bratton launched the initiative CompStat, which looked at crime geographically and charted emerging criminal patterns in certain parts of the city. The program proved to be successful in reducing crime and is still used today. However, Bratton resigned in 1996 after having personal disagreements with Giuliani.

Mayor Giuliani, along with New York City Police Department Commissioner [[Bill Bratton]], adopted an anti-crime approach known as the "Broken Window Theory." Which is the notion that if by cracking down on minor crimes such as [[graffiti]] or [[litter]], it will lead to stopping more serious crimes before they occur. In 1994 Giuliani and Bratton launched the initiative CompStat, which looked at crime geographically and statistically monitored criminal activity on specific street corners. The program proved to be successful in reducing crime and is still used today. In 1996 it won the Innovations in Government Award from the Kennedy School of Government at [[Harvard]] [[University]]. However, Bratton resigned in 1996 after having personal disagreements with Giuliani.

===Economic Record===

===Economic Record===

Under Mayor Giuliani [[unemployment]] dropped from 10.4% to 5.0%, personal income rose 50%, a $2.3 billion budget deficit was turned into a $2.9 billion surplus by FY 2001, there was a 17% reduction in New Yorkers [[tax]] burden, and over 640,000 people were cut from welfare rolls. [[Club for Growth]], a conservative political action committee which supports lower taxes, school choice and free trade has said that, "it is impossible to ignore Giuliani's overall commitment to a pro-growth philosophy and his executive talent for implementing that philosophy in a hostile political environment."  

Under Mayor Giuliani [[unemployment]] dropped from 10.4% to 5.0%, personal income rose 50%, a $2.3 billion budget deficit was turned into a $2.9 billion surplus by FY 2001, there was a 17% reduction in New Yorkers [[tax]] burden, and over 640,000 people were cut from welfare rolls. [[Club for Growth]], a conservative political action committee which supports lower taxes, school choice and free trade has said that, "it is impossible to ignore Giuliani's overall commitment to a pro-growth philosophy and his executive talent for implementing that philosophy in a hostile political environment."  

On [[education]] Giuliani was a strong advocate of school choice. He created the Charter School Initiative in 1999, which led to creation of 17 new schools by the Fall 2001. His administration offered grants of up to $250,000 to new [[Charter Schools]]. In 1999 he placed $12 million into the budget for parochial [[school vouchers]]. Wanting to reduce school bureaucracy, Giuliani frequently battled [[liberal]]s at the New York City Board of Education.  

On [[education]] Giuliani was a strong advocate of school choice. He created the Charter School Initiative in 1999, which led to creation of 17 new schools by the Fall 2001. His administration offered grants of up to $250,000 to new [[Charter Schools]]. In 1999 he placed $12 million into the budget for parochial [[school vouchers]]. Wanting to reduce school bureaucracy, Giuliani frequently battled [[liberal]]s at the New York City Board of Education. In April 1999, Giuliani said he would like to "blow up" the board of Education. <ref>http://www.nytimes.com/1999/04/28/nyregion/a-wider-audience.html</ref> 

===Immigration===  

===Immigration===  

===Controversies===

===Controversies===

Rudy Giuliani's personal life became an issue under his mayoralty, he had a romantic relationship with his City Hall communications director Cristyne Lategano. <ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/05/11/politics/main194350.shtml</ref> The story broke in Vanity Fair magazine in 1997, and was beloved to have lead to the divorce of Giuliani's wife of 16 years Donna Hanover.

Rudy Giuliani's personal life became an issue under his mayoralty, he had a romantic relationship with his City Hall communications director Cristyne Lategano. <ref>http://www.cbsnews.com/stories/2000/05/11/politics/main194350.shtml</ref> The story broke in Vanity Fair magazine in 1997, and was beloved to have lead to the divorce of Giuliani's wife of 16 years Donna Hanover. Giuliani told reporters at a press conference "My private life is my own private life. If you life me fine, and if you don't,I don't really give a damn." <ref>Rudy: The Rudy Giuliani Story</ref>

In 1999 Mayor Giuliani, a devout catholic, threatened to cut off city funding for the [[Brooklyn]] Museum if the museum did not remove a painting of [[Virgin Mary]] next to elephant dung and female genitalia pictures. Although [[Christian]]s supported the mayor's actions, the museum and the [[American Civil Liberties Union]] successfully filed a lawsuit against Giuliani that his actions violated the first amendment. Mayor Giuliani was forced to restore funding.   

In 1999 Mayor Giuliani, a devout catholic, threatened to cut off city funding for the [[Brooklyn]] Museum if the museum did not remove a painting of [[Virgin Mary]] next to elephant dung and female genitalia pictures. Although [[Christian]]s supported the mayor's actions, the museum and the [[American Civil Liberties Union]] successfully filed a lawsuit against Giuliani that his actions violated the first amendment. Mayor Giuliani was forced to restore funding.   

==2000 Senatorial Campaign==

==2000 Senatorial Campaign==

In 2000 a diagnosis of prostate cancer had led him to drop out of a run for the Senate seat eventually won by Democrat [[Hillary Clinton]].

In 2000 a diagnosis of prostate cancer had led Rudy Giuliani to drop out of a run for the Senate seat eventually won by Democrat [[Hillary Clinton]].

==September 11 Terrorist Attacks==

==September 11 Terrorist Attacks==

Downplaying his moderate views on abortion, gun control and immigration, Giuliani emphasized his heroic leadership of New York City after 9-11, as well as his cutting crime in the city and his hard-line stance against terrorism. Although he campaigned vigorously, he was so focused on his own record in New York that he did not make contact with what the voters were interested in. Worse, he could not shake off charges of corruption. He lost most of his support in the last two months of 2007. He won only 3.5% of voters in Iowa; 8.5% in New Hampshire; 2.8% in Michigan; 4.3% in Nevada and 2.1% in South Carolina. Pulling out of other states, he concentrated all his efforts in a losing battle for Florida, where he ran third with a mere 15%. Analysts noted the more voters saw of Giuliani, the fewer supported him.<ref>Matthew Continetti, "The Giuliani Implosion: From frontrunner to also-ran in eight short weeks," [http://weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/014/584edbsw.asp ''The Weekly Standard'' Jan. 21, 2008]; Justin Wolfers, "How Rudy's Bet Went Wrong," [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120111080410210391.html?mod=rss_Politics_And_Policy ''Wall Street Journal'' Jan. 23, 2008]; Michael Powell and Michael Cooper, "For Giuliani, a Dizzying Free-Fall", [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/30/us/politics/30giuliani.html?ref=politics ''New York Times'' Jan. 30, 2008]</ref>

Downplaying his moderate views on abortion, gun control and immigration, Giuliani emphasized his heroic leadership of New York City after 9-11, as well as his cutting crime in the city and his hard-line stance against terrorism. Although he campaigned vigorously, he was so focused on his own record in New York that he did not make contact with what the voters were interested in. Worse, he could not shake off charges of corruption. He lost most of his support in the last two months of 2007. He won only 3.5% of voters in Iowa; 8.5% in New Hampshire; 2.8% in Michigan; 4.3% in Nevada and 2.1% in South Carolina. Pulling out of other states, he concentrated all his efforts in a losing battle for Florida, where he ran third with a mere 15%. Analysts noted the more voters saw of Giuliani, the fewer supported him.<ref>Matthew Continetti, "The Giuliani Implosion: From frontrunner to also-ran in eight short weeks," [http://weeklystandard.com/Content/Public/Articles/000/000/014/584edbsw.asp ''The Weekly Standard'' Jan. 21, 2008]; Justin Wolfers, "How Rudy's Bet Went Wrong," [http://online.wsj.com/article/SB120111080410210391.html?mod=rss_Politics_And_Policy ''Wall Street Journal'' Jan. 23, 2008]; Michael Powell and Michael Cooper, "For Giuliani, a Dizzying Free-Fall", [http://www.nytimes.com/2008/01/30/us/politics/30giuliani.html?ref=politics ''New York Times'' Jan. 30, 2008]</ref>

[[Image:Rudy2.jpg|thumb|475px|Horsey editorial cartoon shows conservative dismay regarding Giuliani's morals; March 23, 2007]]

[[Image:Rudy2.jpg|thumb|475px|Horsey editorial cartoon shows social conservative dismay regarding Giuliani's morals; March 23, 2007]]

He left the race after Florida and endorsed McCain. When McCain was nominated Giuliani criss-crossed the country speaking on his behalf.

He left the race after Florida and endorsed McCain. When McCain was nominated Giuliani criss-crossed the country speaking on his behalf.

On economic policy, conservative economist [[George Will]] said of Rudy Giuliani's two terms as mayor, "the most successful episode of conservative governance of the last 50 years. <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjS-MVp-j9k</ref> He has received praise from fiscal conservatives for his advocacy of lower taxes and less government bureaucracy.     

On economic policy, conservative economist [[George Will]] said of Rudy Giuliani's two terms as mayor, "the most successful episode of conservative governance of the last 50 years. <ref>http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yjS-MVp-j9k</ref> He has received praise from fiscal conservatives for his advocacy of lower taxes and less government bureaucracy.     

==Political Future==

==Political Future==