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One way of looking at the diverse nations of the Caribbean, is to view it as rooted in two ethnic groups: The Arawak (from aruaco the eaters of yuca meal the name given to them by the Caribs) and the Carib (in Arawak myth the children of the rotten anaconda). The Arawak may be subdivided into two groups the main land Arawak, and the Island Arawak or Taino. If one considers the high Taino to be limited to island Arawak who resided in Puerto-Rico,  then the indigenous Taíno nations were found in Cuba, the Lucaya of the Bahamas, Jamaica, and to a lesser extent from Haiti and Quisqueya (approximately the Dominican Republic) can be referred to as neo-Taíno nations.

One way of looking at the diverse nations of the Caribbean, is to view it as rooted in two ethnic groups: The Arawak (from aruaco the eaters of yuca meal the name given to them by the Caribs) and the Carib (in Arawak myth the children of the rotten anaconda). The Arawak may be subdivided into two groups the main land Arawak, and the Island Arawak or Taino. If one considers the high Taino to be limited to island Arawak who resided in Puerto-Rico,  then the indigenous Taíno nations were found in Cuba, the Lucaya of the Bahamas, Jamaica, and to a lesser extent from Haiti and Quisqueya (approximately the Dominican Republic) can be referred to as neo-Taíno nations.

‘’’Ciboney’’’ (or Siboney) Cuba

''Ciboney'' (or Siboney) from Cuba

‘‘’Ciguayo’’’ from ‘Quisqueya’ now the Dominican Republic <ref> Wilson, 1990</ref>) circa 1500 AD this was the kingdom Cacigazgo of Cacique Guacangarí.  Language and customs differed from high Taíno who lived on the eastern part of the same island of Hispaniola.  

''Ciguayo'' from ‘Quisqueya’ (now the Dominican Republic <ref> Wilson, 1990</ref>) circa 1500 AD this was the kingdom Cacigazgo of Cacique Guacangarí.  Language and customs differed from high Taíno who lived on the eastern part of the same island of Hispaniola.  

‘’’Lucaya’’’ were from what was Bimini and now are islands of the Bahamas.  Also lived in the small Jardines de la Reina islands south and close to Cuba from here they raided the main island of Cuba.   Cuban neo-Taíno leader Cacique Bayamo and Spanish Conquistador Diego Velaquez united to drive them out.

''Lucaya'' were from what was Bimini and now are islands of the Bahamas.  Also lived in the small Jardines de la Reina islands south and close to Cuba from where they raided the main island of Cuba. Cuban neo-Taíno leader Cacique Bayamo and Spanish Conquistador Diego Velaquez united to drive them out.

‘’’Macorix’’ Also from Quisquaya and now the Dominican Republic.  They used a language aid mutually unintelligible with Taíno, requiring bilingual abilities, may have been related to the Ciguayo tongue. <ref>Wilson, 1990 </ref>

''Macorix'', also from Quisquaya and now the Dominican Republic.  They used a language aid mutually unintelligible with Taíno, requiring bilingual abilities which may have been related to the Ciguayo tongue. <ref>Wilson, 1990 </ref>

‘’’Guanahatabey’’ At the time of the Spanish conquest found only in the most western tip of Cuba, from where that peninsula gets its name.  There style of living was apparently much simpler than that of the Siboney; however, they could have been refugees with a degraded lifestyle due to pressures caused by intrusions by the latter.

''Guanahatabey'', at the time of the Spanish conquest, were found only in the most western tip of Cuba, from where that peninsula gets its name.  Their style of living was apparently much simpler than that of the Siboney; however, they could have been refugees with a degraded lifestyle due to pressures caused by the intrusions of the latter.

‘’’Eyeri/Kaliphuna’’’ The captured neo Taina women held by the Carib, and their descends Eyeri a language similar Taíno; <ref>Breton,1665 http://www.centrelink.org/General.html</ref>.  The Adult Carib spoke the Carib language and used a variant of Carib for trade and ceremony <ref> Wilson, 1990; Rouse, 1992</ref>.  It is possible to speculate, that because the Carib stole women from the neo-Taino nations and incorporated them into their culture.  The Carib advance from the South American mainland through the minor Antilles, never resulted in permanent settlements of Caribs, since they were being assimilated in this fashion by their captured neo-Taina women.  It is said that Hatuey, the first known Cuban Island rebel was part Carib. ...

''Eyeri/Kaliphuna'' The captured neo-Taina women held by the Carib, from whom descends Eyeri, a language similar to Taíno; <ref>Breton, 1665 http://www.centrelink.org/General.html</ref>.  The Adult Carib spoke the Carib language and used a variant of Carib for trade and ceremony <ref> Wilson, 1990; Rouse, 1992</ref>.  It is possible to speculate, that because the Carib stole women from the neo-Taino nations and incorporated them into their culture.  The Carib advance from the South American mainland through the minor Antilles, never resulted in permanent settlements of Caribs, since they were being assimilated in this fashion by their captured neo-Taina women.  It is said that Hatuey, the first known Cuban Island rebel was part Carib.  

 

Albury, Paul 1975 The Story of the Bahamas. MacMillan Education Limited, London and Basingstoke. p. 19 “After the first screams of despair, terror took such sole possession of the Lucayan’s mind and body that it robbed him of the ability to defend himself. He became a jellied mass of sweating, trembling, helpless flesh. Men, women, and children were bound with ropes, stacked in the cane and taken to Carib land. There the males were mutilated, tortured and finally eaten.”

 

 

 

 

Albury, Paul 1975 The Story of the Bahamas. MacMillan Education Limited, London and Basingstoke.   p. 19 “After the first screams of despair, terror took such sole possession of the Lucayan’s mind and body that it robbed him of the ability to defend himself. He became a jellied mass of sweating, trembling, helpless flesh. Men, women, and children were bound with ropes, stacked in the cane and taken to Carib land. There the males were mutilated, tortured and finally eaten.”

Alonso José Ramón 2004 (accessed 11/7/2005).  Panorama histórico-crítico sobre el estudio del arte rupestre de Punta del Este, Cuba.  http://rupestreweb.tripod.com/puntadeleste.html

Alonso José Ramón 2004 (accessed 11/7/2005).  Panorama histórico-crítico sobre el estudio del arte rupestre de Punta del Este, Cuba.  http://rupestreweb.tripod.com/puntadeleste.html

Zayas y Alfonso, Alfredo 1914. “Lexografía Antillana” El Siglo XX Press, Havana.

Zayas y Alfonso, Alfredo 1914. “Lexografía Antillana” El Siglo XX Press, Havana.

[[Category:Ethnicities]]

[[Category:Ethnicities]]