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→History: add late 19c
==History==
==History==
In the late 19th century the [[Holiness Movement]] transformed Wesleyan teaching by emphasizing revivalist techniques of invitation, decision, and testimony, and by insistence on visible evidence. By the 1890s physical healing was commonly expected, and the experience of sanctification was called "baptism with the Holy Spirit". Divided by the rise of Pentecostalism after 1900, the surviving Holiness groups became less exuberant.
On the surface, [[Speaking in tongues]] was the critical factor separating Pentecostals from adherents of the Holiness movement, but the underlying difference between the two was the manner in which the movements interpreted scripture. Holiness people used metaphor to make biblical events synonymous with personal experience. For them, the Exodus symbolized the progression of the soul to the life of holiness. Pentecostals sought to reenact elements of the biblical text literally, and believed they participated in the fulfillment of scripture.<ref> Charles Edwin Jones, "Beulah Land and the Upper Room: Reclaiming the Text in Turn-of-the-century Holiness and Pentecostal Spirituality." ''Methodist History'' 1994 32(4): 250-259 </ref>
===Azusa Street Revival===
===Azusa Street Revival===
The world's Pentecostals and charismatics trace their roots to a sacred event, the '''Azusa Street Revival''' in Los Angeles. William Seymour (1870-1922), who held electrifying revivals in 1906-1909 at the Azusa Street AME church in Los Angeles. This revival was marked by great emotional excitement, interracial harmony, and an obsession with speaking in tongues and healing. It was touched off by the preaching of Seymour, an African American who had absorbed the teachings of Charles F. Parham in Texas.<ref>Joe Creech, "Visions of Glory: The Place of the Azusa Street Revival in Pentecostal History," ''Church History'', Vol. 65, No. 3 (Sep., 1996), pp. 405-424 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3169938 in JSTOR]</ref>
The world's Pentecostals and charismatics trace their roots to a sacred event, the '''Azusa Street Revival''' in Los Angeles. William Seymour (1870-1922), who held electrifying revivals in 1906-1909 at the Azusa Street AME church in Los Angeles. This revival was marked by great emotional excitement, interracial harmony, and an obsession with speaking in tongues and healing. It was touched off by the preaching of Seymour, an African American who had absorbed the teachings of Charles F. Parham in Texas.<ref>Joe Creech, "Visions of Glory: The Place of the Azusa Street Revival in Pentecostal History," ''Church History'', Vol. 65, No. 3 (Sep., 1996), pp. 405-424 [http://www.jstor.org/stable/3169938 in JSTOR]</ref>