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'''Europe''' is the western part of the [[continent]]al landmass of Eurasia, consisting of the general area between the [[Ural Mountains]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]].  With an area of 3,998,000 square miles it ranks as the second-smallest of the continents, but in terms of population (727,000,000 in 2007) it is the third-largest.

'''Europe''' is the western part of the [[continent]]al landmass of Eurasia, consisting of the general area between the [[Ural Mountains]] and the [[Atlantic Ocean]].  With an area of 3,998,000 square miles it ranks as the second-smallest of the continents, but in terms of population (727,000,000 in 2007) it is the third-largest.

Long a center of [[culture]], [[art]], [[philosophy]], and [[government]], Europe was the birthplace of [[democracy]]; the art and architecture of the [[Renaissance]]; the springboard of the great age of exploration; and the beginnings of the industrial age.  Several major empires inhabited the continent: [[Ancient Greece|Greece]], [[Roman Empire|Rome]], [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantium]], the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], the [[Holy Roman Empire|Holy Roman]], the [[France|French]], the [[Germany|German]], and the [[British Empire|British]] each producing great achievements for posterity, as well as sparking wars and conflicts which exist to this day.

Long a center of culture, ar, philosophy, warfare, invention and government, Europe was the birthplace of [[classical liberalism]]; the [[Renaissance]]; the springboard of the great age of exploration; and the beginnings of the industrial age.  Several major empires inhabited the continent: [[Ancient Greece|Greece]], [[Roman Empire|Rome]], [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantium]], the [[Ottoman Empire|Ottomans]], the Austrian, the French, the German, and the British] each producing great achievements, as well as fighting huge wars which have shaped the world.

==Land==

==Land==

Europe is considered to begin at the Ural Mountains, a chain running north-south in present-day Russia.  The Caucasus, another mountain chain between the Black and Caspian Seas, forms the southern land boundary.  Its remaining boundaries are coastlines; the Arctic Ocean, the North and Norwegian Seas, the Atlantic Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea.  The northernmost point on the mainland is Cape Nordkinn, Norway; the southernmost in Spain at Punta de Tarifa.

Geographers agree that Europe begins at the Ural Mountains, a chain running north-south in present-day Russia.  The Caucasus, another mountain chain between the Black and Caspian Seas, forms the southern land boundary.  Its remaining boundaries are coastlines; the Arctic Ocean, the North and Norwegian Seas, the Atlantic Ocean, and Mediterranean Sea.  The northernmost point on the mainland is Cape Nordkinn, Norway; the southernmost in Spain at Punta de Tarifa.

===Climate===

===Climate===