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One theme that was added in the 1940s was the false allegation that most businessmen believed in [[Social Darwinism]] whereby their success was "natural" and charity was unwise. In fact no businessmen supported the theory. [[Andrew Carnegie]], for example, propounded the [[Gospel of Wealth]] to the effect that the rich had a duty to share their wealth through philanthropy. Once the richest men in the world, Carnegie, Rockefeller and Ford gave away over 90% of their money to philanthropy.
One theme that was added in the 1940s was the false allegation that most businessmen believed in [[Social Darwinism]] whereby their success was "natural" and charity was unwise. In fact no businessmen supported the theory. [[Andrew Carnegie]], for example, propounded the [[Gospel of Wealth]] to the effect that the rich had a duty to share their wealth through philanthropy. Once the richest men in the world, Carnegie, Rockefeller and Ford gave away over 90% of their money to philanthropy.
[[Business History]] scholars beginning in the 1920s and led by Professor [[Alan Nevins]] at Columbia University and later [[Alfred D. Chandler]] at Harvard, refuted the false "Robber Baron" image. The image occasionally appears in textbooks and, more often, in history lectures or editorials written from a leftist perspective. The image is distinctly American--European and Asians rarely displayed it.
[[Business history]] scholars beginning in the 1920s and led by Professor [[Alan Nevins]] at Columbia University and later [[Alfred D. Chandler]] at Harvard, refuted the false "Robber Baron" image. The image occasionally appears in textbooks and, more often, in history lectures or editorials written from a leftist perspective. The image is distinctly American--European and Asians rarely displayed it.
* [[Andrew Carnegie]]
* [[Andrew Carnegie]]
==Further reading==
==Further reading==
* Folsom, Burton W. ''The Myth of the Robber Barons'' (1987), refutation by leading conservative historian
* Josephson, Matthew. ''The Robber Barons: The Great American Capitalists, 1861- 1901'' (1933), the classic statement by a Socialist historian
* Josephson, Matthew. ''The Robber Barons: The Great American Capitalists, 1861- 1901'' (1933), the classic statement by a Socialist historian
* Latham, Earl, ed. ''John D. Rockefeller: Robber Baron or Industrial Statesman?'' (1949), reprints debates among historians. [http://www.questia.com/read/73971734?title=John%20D.%20Rockefeller%3a%20Robber%20Baron%20or%20Industrial%20Statesman%3f online edition]
[[Category:Economic history]]
[[Category:Economic history]]
[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Business]]
[[Category:Historians]]
[[Category:Historians]]