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Communist Party of the United States of America (view source)
Revision as of 16:29, March 28, 2007
, 16:29, March 28, 2007→Popular Front: add ==Infiltration==; rearrange
Stalin publicly disbanded the Comintern in 1943. A Moscow NKVD message to all stations on 12 September 1943 detailed instructions for handling intelligence sources within the CPUSA after the disestablishment of the Comintern. Earl Browder had been both Chairman of the CPUSA and recruiter for the [[NKVD]] (in the [[Venona project]] he is known as Agent "HELMSMAN"). He was expelled from the leadership when Soviet policy shifted. His crime had been to follow Moscow’s orders in 1941 and “disband” the party in a show of unity with the US Government. But the NKGB thought his services worth keeping, and they succeeded in covertly financing him, by setting him up as a representative of Soviet publishers. Even then, that didn't work, as Browder was dropped after violating the Party Line again in favor of [[Titoism]]. Lovestone said of Browder, "There, but for an accident of geography, walks a dead man".
Stalin publicly disbanded the Comintern in 1943. A Moscow NKVD message to all stations on 12 September 1943 detailed instructions for handling intelligence sources within the CPUSA after the disestablishment of the Comintern. Earl Browder had been both Chairman of the CPUSA and recruiter for the [[NKVD]] (in the [[Venona project]] he is known as Agent "HELMSMAN"). He was expelled from the leadership when Soviet policy shifted. His crime had been to follow Moscow’s orders in 1941 and “disband” the party in a show of unity with the US Government. But the NKGB thought his services worth keeping, and they succeeded in covertly financing him, by setting him up as a representative of Soviet publishers. Even then, that didn't work, as Browder was dropped after violating the Party Line again in favor of [[Titoism]]. Lovestone said of Browder, "There, but for an accident of geography, walks a dead man".
==Infiltration==
Infiltrating the United Nations organization became a priority in the wake of the disbanding of the Comintern, the death of Golos which led to the ultimate breakdown in security, and the end of the War. Hiss was influential in the employment of 494 persons by the United Nations on its initial staff.
Gradually it became apparent that the objectives of World War II for which the United States and others made tremendous sacrifices were not fully realized, and there remained in the world a force presenting even greater dangers to world peace than the Nazi militarists and Japanese warlords. Consequently, the United States made the decision in the Spring of 1947 to assist Greece and Turkey with a view to protecting their sovereignties, which were threatened by direct or instigated activities of the Soviet Union.
President Truman's Executive Order 9835 of 22 March 1947 tightened protections against subversive infiltration of the US Government, defining disloyalty as membership on a list of subversive organizations maintained by the Attorney General.
Truman’s denunciations of the charges against Alger Hiss, Harry Dexter White, and others, all of whom appear under covernames in decrypted messages translated before Truman left office, suggest that Truman was never briefed on the Venona program, or if he was briefed, did not grasp its significance. Truman insisted Republicans trumped up the loyalty issue, and that wartime espionage had been insignificant and well contained by counteritelligence agencies.
It was the belief of opponents of the CPUSA such as [[J. Edgar Hoover]], long-time director of the FBI, and [[Joseph McCarthy]], for whom [[McCarthyism]] is named, and other [[anticommunism|anticommunists]] that the CPUSA constituted an active [[conspiracy]], was secretive, loyal to a foreign power, and dedicated to the clandestine [[infiltration]] of American cultural and political institutions. This is the "traditionalist" view of some in the field of Communist studies such as Harvey Klehr and John Earl Haynes.
It was the belief of opponents of the CPUSA such as [[J. Edgar Hoover]], long-time director of the FBI, and [[Joseph McCarthy]], for whom [[McCarthyism]] is named, and other [[anticommunism|anticommunists]] that the CPUSA constituted an active [[conspiracy]], was secretive, loyal to a foreign power, and dedicated to the clandestine [[infiltration]] of American cultural and political institutions. This is the "traditionalist" view of some in the field of Communist studies such as Harvey Klehr and John Earl Haynes.
Senator [[Daniel Patrick Moynihan]], Chairman of the Moynihan Commission on Government Secrecy wrote in 1997, "President Truman was almost willfully obtuse as regards American Communism."
In the "Findings and declarations of fact" of the [[United States Congress]] in passing the [[Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950]], in 50 [[U.S. Code]] Chapter 23 Subchapter IV Sec. 841, that,
In the "Findings and declarations of fact" of the [[United States Congress]] in passing the [[Subversive Activities Control Act of 1950]], in 50 [[U.S. Code]] Chapter 23 Subchapter IV Sec. 841, that,