Changes

===Bull Run===

===Bull Run===

On May 18, the Union opens fire on Confederate shore batteries at Sewall's Point, Virginia.  Captain Elmer Ellsworth of the New York 11th Regiment becomes a martyr to the Union when he is shot after pulling down a Confederate flag from a hotel across the Potomac from Washington.  Small Union regiments try without success to dislodge Confederate forces that have massed in the countryside around Manassas, Virginia, and in July a march by a large Union force under Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell was halted by Confederate troops under the command of Generals Joseph E. Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard in the [[First Battle of Bull Run]] (or First Manassas).  Although it looked like the Federals would succeed in driving the Confederates from the field, the rebels fall back to Henry House Hill and hold firm under Generals N.G. Evans, Bernard Bee, and a former instructer of the Virginia Military Institute who would not duck for cover in the face of enemy fire, Thomas Jonathan Jackson. General Bee, in order to stop his own men from retreating under the heavy fire, told his men to "look yonder. There is General Jackson standing like a stone wall!". Bee lost his life, but his men held firm, and Jackson received his famous nickname.  The Federals were soon forced to retreat, and an errant shell hitting an ammunition wagon turned the retreat into a rout as soldiers mixed with civilians who had come to observe a battle as though it were a picnic.  Alarmed at the loss, the U.S. Congress passed the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution on July 25, stating that the war was being fought to preserve the Union and not to end slavery.

On May 18, the Union opens fire on Confederate shore batteries at Sewall's Point, Virginia.  Captain Elmer Ellsworth of the New York 11th Regiment becomes a martyr to the Union when he is shot after pulling down a Confederate flag from a hotel across the Potomac from Washington.  Small Union regiments try without success to dislodge Confederate forces that have massed in the countryside around Manassas, Virginia, and in July a march by a large Union force under Maj. Gen. Irvin McDowell was halted by Confederate troops under the command of Generals Joseph E. Johnston and P.G.T. Beauregard in the [[First Battle of Bull Run]] (or First Manassas).  Although it looked like the Federals would succeed in driving the Confederates from the field, the rebels fall back to Henry House Hill and hold firm under Generals N.G. Evans, Bernard Bee, and a former instructer of the Virginia Military Institute who would not duck for cover in the face of enemy fire, Thomas Jonathan Jackson. General Bee, in order to stop his own men from retreating under the heavy fire, told his men to "look yonder. There is General Jackson standing like a stone wall!". Bee lost his life, but his men held firm, and Jackson received his famous nickname.  The Federals were soon forced to retreat, and an errant shell hitting an ammunition wagon turned the retreat into a rout as soldiers mixed with civilians who had come to observe a battle as though it were a picnic.  Alarmed at the loss, the U.S. Congress passed the Crittenden-Johnson Resolution on July 25, stating that the war was being fought, not to end slavery, but to preserve the Union.

==1862==

==1862==