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Line 1: − + − == Conservatives in the United States ==+ − − In the United States, conservatives are generally characterized by adherence to limited government, public morality and free enterprise. Specifically, conservatives tend to adhere to the following principles: − − * A strong national defense − * Return of prayer in school − * The Second Amendment Right to Keep and Bear Arms − * Economic allocative efficiency (as opposed to popular equity) − * Stronger law enforcement and anti-crime laws, including the death penalty − * Parents, rather than school teachers, educating children about sex − * Choice in education − * Private medical care and retirement plans − * Weakening or cancellation of failed social support programs − * Prohibition of abortion − * Opposition to same-sex marriage licenses − − About every 20-60 years a conservative has been elected president of the United States. Examples include: − − <br>[[George Washington]] − <br>[[James Monroe]] − <br>[[James K. Polk]] − <br>[[Abraham Lincoln]] − <br>[[Grover Cleveland]] − <br>[[William Howard Taft]] − <br>[[Warren G. Harding]] − <br>[[Ronald Reagan]] − <br>[[George W. Bush]] − − In America, most conservatives tend to align with the [[Republican Party]], but not exclusively so. − − == Neoconservatives == − − American commentators who ally themselves with the conservative movement but reject its religious or moral underpinnings are generally known as [[neoconservatives]], and they offer their own amoral definition:<ref>[http://article.nationalreview.com/?q=ZWMxNWNiNDJkY2JmNTExY2E1MzdkYWU3MWU1MTBiOGU= "What Is a 'Conservative'?"]Jonah Goldberg, [[National Review|National Review Online]], 11 May 2005</ref> − − "In the United States, conservatives are generally characterized by the following beliefs: − − # A deep suspicion of the power of the state. − # A preference for liberty over equality. − # Patriotism. − # A belief in established institutions and hierarchies. − # Skepticism about the idea of progress. − − ==Conservatives in the United Kingdom== − − In the United Kingdom the present parliamentary opposition party is called the [[Conservative Party]] and, as its name suggests, it holds traditional conservative views. Its current leader is [[David Cameron]]. In political policy the UK Conservatives are more closely aligned to the US Democrats, despite them being the most right of the main 3 parties.<ref>[http://www.conservatives.com Conservative party UK]</ref> − − Up until the mid-19th century, the forerunners of the Conservatives were known as [[Tory|Tories]], and the name has persisted as a common nickname both for the political party and those believed to be in agreement with it. − − There is generally a strong bias towards the nuclear family over other forms of cohabitation. Since the late 1970s, UK conservatives have been defined by an advocacy of [[Laissez-faire]] economics, privatization and lower taxation.<!-- Citations needed --> − − Religion as a whole and biblical literalism in particular play only a very minor role in UK politics (arguably with the exception of Northern Ireland). − − In common with conservatives in many other countries, UK Conservatives tend towards a [[Nationalist]] outlook, and are traditionally sceptical of the [[European Union]], although it was the Tory Prime Minister [[Edward Heath]] who took Britain into the [[EU|EEC]]. − − == References == − − <references/> − − − [[Category:Politics]]
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A '''conservative''' is one who adheres to principles of limited government, personal responsibility and moral virtue. He or she may agree with the statement in George Washington's [[Farewell Address]] that "religion and morality are indispensable supports" to political prosperity.<ref>[http://usinfo.state.gov/usa/infousa/facts/democrac/49.htm United States Department of State] George Washington, farewell address, 1796</ref> Conservatism arose in the 19th century as a response to [[liberalism]], particularly as manifested in the [[French Revolution]].
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