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The '''Protestant Irish''' or '''Scotch-Irish''' were immigrants from Ireland to America of Protestant background. Most were Presbyterians whose ancestors moved from Scotland to Ireland, especially the northeastern part that is today [[Northern Ireland]]. Most migrated in the period 1740-1770, heading especially to the frontier regions. After 1830 there was another small, steady stream to America and to Canada.
The '''Protestant Irish''' or '''Scots-Irish''' or '''Scotch-Irish''' were immigrants from Ireland to America of Protestant background. Most were Presbyterians whose ancestors moved from Scotland to Ireland, especially the northeastern part that is today [[Northern Ireland]]. Most migrated in the period 1740-1770, heading especially to the frontier regions where they were herders and farmers. After 1830 there was another small, steady stream to America and to Canada.
They called themselves "Irish" and produced such notable politicians as [[Andrew Jackson]] (President 1829-37) and [[James Knox Polk]] (President 1845-49). After 1850 or so they lost a sense of ethnicity and blended into the general population.
They called themselves "Irish" and produced such notable politicians as [[Andrew Jackson]] (President 1829-37) and [[James Knox Polk]] (President 1845-49). After 1850 or so they lost a sense of ethnicity and blended into the general population.
Although the [[Orange Order]] was strong among Protestant Irish in Canada, it never caught hold in the United States. There were relatively few instances of violence btween the Catholic Irish and the protestant Irish--the most notable being riots in Philadelphia in 1844 and New York City in 1870 and 1871.
==See also==
==See also==
* [[Catholic Irish]]
* [[Catholic Irish]]
* Fischer, David Hackett. ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (1991), major scholarly study tracing colonial roots of four groups of immigrants, Irish, English Puritans, English Cavaliers, and Quakers.
* Fischer, David Hackett. ''Albion's Seed: Four British Folkways in America'' (1991), major scholarly study tracing colonial roots of four groups of immigrants, Irish, English Puritans, English Cavaliers, and Quakers.
* Griffin, Patrick. ''The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World, 1689-1764''. (2001)
* Griffin, Patrick. ''The People with No Name: Ireland's Ulster Scots, America's Scots Irish, and the Creation of a British Atlantic World, 1689-1764''. (2001)
* Lee, J. J., and Marion Casey, eds. ''Making the Irish American: History and Heritage of the Irish in the United States'' (2007) [http://www.amazon.com/Making-Irish-American-History-Heritage/dp/0814752187/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1255940745&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search]
* Leyburn, James G. ''Scotch-Irish: A Social History'' (1989), scholarly survey; good starting point.
* Leyburn, James G. ''Scotch-Irish: A Social History'' (1989), scholarly survey; good starting point.
* McWhiney, Grady. '' Cracker Culture: Celtic Ways in the Old South'' (1989), scholarly interpretation
* McWhiney, Grady. '' Cracker Culture: Celtic Ways in the Old South'' (1989), scholarly interpretation
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''The Columbia Guide to Irish American History.'' (2005).
* Meagher, Timothy J. ''The Columbia Guide to Irish American History.'' (2005). [http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=15575 online review]
* Webb, James. ''Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America''(2004) by a popular novelist who is now Senator from Virginia; not considered reliable by scholars.
* Webb, James. ''Born Fighting: How the Scots-Irish Shaped America''(2004) by a popular novelist who is now Senator from Virginia; not considered reliable by scholars.