| Line 544: |
Line 544: |
| | |1 | | |1 |
| | |And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see. | | |And I saw when the Lamb opened one of the seals, and I heard, as it were the noise of thunder, one of the four beasts saying, Come and see. |
| − | | | + | |I watched when the Lamb broke one of the seals, and heard one of the four living creatures saying, like a thunderclap, "Come!" |
| − | | | + | |Some manuscripts, here and elsewhere in this chapter, say, "Come and see!" |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |2 | | |2 |
| | |And I saw, and behold a white horse: and he that sat on him had a bow; and a crown was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to conquer. | | |And I saw, and behold a white horse: and he that sat on him had a bow; and a crown was given unto him: and he went forth conquering, and to conquer. |
| − | | | + | |And I saw a white horse. Its rider held a bow, and a crown was given to him, and he rode out conquering and bent on conquest. |
| − | | | + | |The first horseman of the Apocalypse is dictatorship. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |3 | | |3 |
| | |And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second beast say, Come and see. | | |And when he had opened the second seal, I heard the second beast say, Come and see. |
| − | | | + | |When He had opened the second seal, I heard the second living creature say, "Come!" |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |4 | | |4 |
| | |And there went out another horse that was red: and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great sword. | | |And there went out another horse that was red: and power was given to him that sat thereon to take peace from the earth, and that they should kill one another: and there was given unto him a great sword. |
| − | | | + | |And a fiery-red horse went out. It was given to its rider to take peace from the earth and cause men to kill one another, and an out-sized infantry sword was given to him. |
| − | | | + | |This is the '''μαχαιρα''', the government-issue short sword of a Roman infantryman. The second horseman of the Apocalypse is war. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |5 | | |5 |
| | |And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast say, Come and see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he that sat on him had a pair of balances in his hand. | | |And when he had opened the third seal, I heard the third beast say, Come and see. And I beheld, and lo a black horse; and he that sat on him had a pair of balances in his hand. |
| − | | | + | |When He opened the third seal, I heard the third living creature say, "Come!" And I looked, and saw a black horse. Its rider held a pair of balance scales in his hand. |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |6 | | |6 |
| | |And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine. | | |And I heard a voice in the midst of the four beasts say, A measure of wheat for a penny, and three measures of barley for a penny; and see thou hurt not the oil and the wine. |
| − | | | + | |And I heard a voice in the middle of the four living creatures say, "A dry quart of wheat for a shilling, and three dry quarts of barley for a shilling, and do not damage the oil or the grape juice!" |
| − | | | + | |A dry quart makes a loaf. The "shilling" is the Roman denarius, equivalent to a day's pay for a typical wage-earner. The third horseman of the Apocalypse is economic depression so severe that it takes a full day's work to earn a day's meals. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |7 | | |7 |
| | |And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth beast say, Come and see. | | |And when he had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth beast say, Come and see. |
| − | | | + | |When He had opened the fourth seal, I heard the voice of the fourth living creature say, "Come!" |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |8 | | |8 |
| | |And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth. | | |And I looked, and behold a pale horse: and his name that sat on him was Death, and Hell followed with him. And power was given unto them over the fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, and with hunger, and with death, and with the beasts of the earth. |
| − | | | + | |I looked, and saw a pale sour-apple-green horse. The name of its rider was Death, and Hades followed with him. Authority was given to them over a fourth part of the earth, to kill with sword, with famine, with death, and with the wild, ravening animals of the earth. |
| − | | | + | |The Greek word '''θηριον''' (''therion'') means an animal so vicious that it would just as soon kill a man as look at him. The modern Greek word '''θηριο''' commonly translates as "monster." |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |9 | | |9 |
| | |And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held: | | |And when he had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of them that were slain for the word of God, and for the testimony which they held: |
| − | | | + | |When He had opened the fifth seal, I saw under the altar the souls of those who had been slain on account of the Truth of God, and for the testimony that they held. |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |10 | | |10 |
| | |And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth? | | |And they cried with a loud voice, saying, How long, O Lord, holy and true, dost thou not judge and avenge our blood on them that dwell on the earth? |
| − | | | + | |They cried out with a loud voice, "How long, O Holy and True Master, must we wait before You hold trial and make those who dwell on the earth pay for our blood?" |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |11 | | |11 |
| | |And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled. | | |And white robes were given unto every one of them; and it was said unto them, that they should rest yet for a little season, until their fellowservants also and their brethren, that should be killed as they were, should be fulfilled. |
| − | | | + | |Each of them was given a white robe, and they were told to wait a little while longer, until their fellow slaves and brothers, who were about to be killed as they had been, would be. |
| − | | | + | |The robe spoken of (Greek '''στολη''' or ''stole'') was not an ordinary cloak but the Roman toga, the garment that only a full citizen of Rome deserved to wear in those days. In this context it is a token of heavenly citizenship. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |12 | | |12 |
| | |And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood; | | |And I beheld when he had opened the sixth seal, and, lo, there was a great earthquake; and the sun became black as sackcloth of hair, and the moon became as blood; |
| − | | | + | |And I watched when He had opened the sixth seal, and a great earthquake happened. The [[sun]] turned as black as sackcloth made from hair, and the [[moon]] turned the color of blood. |
| − | | | + | |Extreme volcanic activity might produce these effects. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |13 | | |13 |
| | |And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. | | |And the stars of heaven fell unto the earth, even as a fig tree casteth her untimely figs, when she is shaken of a mighty wind. |
| − | | | + | |A shower of meteors fell from the sky to earth, in the same way that a fig tree might drop its unripe figs when it is shaken by a strong wind. |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |14 | | |14 |
| | |And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. | | |And the heaven departed as a scroll when it is rolled together; and every mountain and island were moved out of their places. |
| − | | | + | |The sky seemed to roll up like a scroll being rolled togther, and every mountain and island was displaced. |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |15 | | |15 |
| | |And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; | | |And the kings of the earth, and the great men, and the rich men, and the chief captains, and the mighty men, and every bondman, and every free man, hid themselves in the dens and in the rocks of the mountains; |
| − | | | + | |And the heads-of-state of the earth, and the important men, and the senior military men, and the armed men, and every prison inmate and every free man, hid themselves in the caves and the rocks in the mountains. |
| | | | | | |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |16 | | |16 |
| | |And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: | | |And said to the mountains and rocks, Fall on us, and hide us from the face of him that sitteth on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb: |
| − | | | + | |They said to the mountains and rocks, "Fall on us, and hide us from the face of Him Who sits on the throne, and from the wrath of the Lamb! |
| − | | | + | |The Greek word '''οργη''' (''orge'') stands for the attitude of a magistrate before whom a convict is brought for sentencing. |
| | |- | | |- |
| | |17 | | |17 |
| | |For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand? | | |For the great day of his wrath is come; and who shall be able to stand? |
| − | | | + | |The great Day of Sentencing has come, and who can stand up in Their Court?" |
| | | | | | |
| | |} | | |} |