Changes

[[Image:American-cities-125.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Bombing of the Federal building, Chicago, moments after [[#refNARAcities|95 Wobblies]] were convicted there, 1918. ''Source: National Archives and Records Administration'']]By 1932, Priscilla Hiss had [[#refChronology|registered as a member]] of [[#refNoe9|the Socialist Party]],<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 27</ref> and was an active member of American Labor Associates. Alger was becoming "[[#refChronology|radicalized]],"<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 208</ref> joining (together with [[Lee Pressman|Pressman]])<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 27</ref> the International Juridical Association (IJA), which "consistently followed the [[Communist Party]] line."<ref>"[http://ia360638.us.archive.org/2/items/reportonnational1950unit/reportonnational1950unit.pdf Report on the National Lawyers Guild, legal bulwark of the Communist Party]," Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, United States Congress (1950), p. 12</ref>

[[Image:American-cities-125.jpg|thumb|300px|left|Bombing of the Federal building, Chicago, moments after [[#refNARAcities|95 Wobblies]] were convicted there, 1918. ''Source: National Archives and Records Administration'']]By 1932, Priscilla Hiss had [[#refChronology|registered as a member]] of [[#refNoe9|the Socialist Party]],<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 27</ref> and was an active member of American Labor Associates. Alger was becoming "[[#refChronology|radicalized]],"<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 208</ref> joining (together with [[Lee Pressman|Pressman]])<ref>[[#refWhite04|White 2004]]: 27</ref> the International Juridical Association (IJA), which "consistently followed the [[Communist Party]] line."<ref>"[http://ia360638.us.archive.org/2/items/reportonnational1950unit/reportonnational1950unit.pdf Report on the National Lawyers Guild, legal bulwark of the Communist Party]," Committee on Un-American Activities, House of Representatives, United States Congress (1950), p. 12</ref>

During this period, Hiss' letters to his wife reflected his increasing [[radical|radicalism]]. In 1930, he made a coy reference to [[#refNYT9.5.1918|the terrorist]]<ref>Moments after the sentencing of [[#refNARAcities|95 Wobbies]] (including Haywood) at the Chicago Federal Building in 1918, a bomb ripped through the building, [[#refNYT9.5.1918|killing four]]. Charles Howard McCormick, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Vcvhrdr6drgC Hopeless Cases: The Hunt for the Red Scare Terrorist Bombers]'' [Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 2005] ISBN 0761831320, pp. 31-31</ref> [[Industrial Workers of the World]] (whose leader, the [http://www.geocities.com/mnsocialist/labor2.html Communist] [[#refHaywood|atheist]] [http://www.pbs.org/weta/thewest/people/d_h/haywood.htm "Big Bill" Haywood], had fled the [[U.S.]] for [[Moscow]] where he [[#refHaywood|became a trusted adviser]] to the [[Bolshevik]] government),<ref>In 1921, after the [[Bolsheviks]] [http://www-personal.umich.edu/~mhuey/TOC/KRN.frame.html brutally] [http://query.nytimes.com/mem/archive-free/pdf?res=9B05EED8133CE533A25752C1A9659C946095D6CF crushed] a [http://www.h-net.org/reviews/showrev.php?id=23572 wave of strikes], Haywood betrayed the workers, saying, "every genuine labor union in the United States ought to affiliate with the International Council of Trade and Industrial Unions with its central bureau [http://www.marxists.org/archive/eastman/1921/bill-haywood.htm at Moscow]." Later renamed the World Federation of Labor Unions, this was the phony "union" created and controlled by the [[Kremlin]] to [http://www.cultinfo.ru/fulltext/1/001/008/093/699.htm suppress workers' rights] in the [[Soviet Union]]. Israel Getzler, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=qK3m05CQhT4C Kronstadt 1917-1921: The Fate of a Soviet Democracy]'' (Cambridge University Press, 2002) ISBN 0521894425, p. 233</ref> writing to Priscilla, "[D]id thee call thyself a [[Industrial Workers of the World|Wobbly]] with an [[Industrial Workers of the World|I.W.W.]] tongue in thy [[socialist|socialistic]] (I couldn't bring myself to write '[[Communist|Communistic]]') cheek." Suggesting that an article questioning the [[legitimacy]] of the existing “[[capitalist]] order”<ref>Archibald MacLeish, “To the Young Men of Wall Street,” ''Saturday Review'', January 16, 1932</ref> did not go far enough, Hiss wrote to Priscilla in 1932, “Has thee seen Archibald MacLeish's<ref>MacLeish was a noted [[fellow traveller]]. (David Caute, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=zZ6YqBm3O2wC The Fellow-Travellers: Intellectual Friends of Communism]'' [New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988] ISBN 0300041950, p. 185) Following [[#refTimeDuggan49|the death]] of [[Laurence Duggan]]&mdash;ten days after Duggan implicated [[Henry Collins|Collins]] and [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]], and [[#refOSullivan07|five days]] after Hiss' indictment by a grand jury&mdash;MacLeish, a former Librarian of Congress, would dedicate a poem to the late [[#refVenona1613|Soviet agent]], denouncing "informers" (apparently [[Hede Massing]] and [[Whittaker Chambers]], each of whom had identified Duggan) for their "slanders" and "lies." (Archibald MacLeish, "The Black Day," ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=KI0ESFOvi5QC Collected Poems, 1917-1982]'' [Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1985] ISBN 0395395690, p. 403) The [[OSS]] recorder assigned to document the the drafting of the [http://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/preamble.shtml UN Charter] (over which Hiss presided), would later say MacLeish "[http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/lindquist19april90.pdf kicked me out]" of the session.</ref> article on [[capitalism]] in last week's ''Saturday Review''? [[Felix Frankfurter|Felix]] says it is soft thinking after Wilson.”<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=14B3AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 The View From Alger's Window]'' (New York: Vintage Books, 2000) ISBN 0375701281, pp. 140-141. The reference is to Edmund Wilson, then an editor at ''The New Republic'' who embraced Marxism and welcomed the stock market crash of 1929 as a portent of the death of capitalism. In 1932 he voted for Communist Party presidential candidate William Z. Foster and signed a manifesto calling for "a temporary [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/03/24/030324crat_atlarge dictatorship of the class-conscious workers]."</ref>

During this period, Hiss' letters to his wife reflected his increasing [[radical|radicalism]]. In 1930, he made a coy reference to [[#refNYT9.5.1918|the terrorist]]<ref>Moments after the sentencing of [[#refNARAcities|95 Wobbies]] (including Haywood) at the Chicago Federal Building in 1918, a bomb ripped through the building, [[#refNYT9.5.1918|killing four]]. Charles Howard McCormick, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=Vcvhrdr6drgC Hopeless Cases: The Hunt for the Red Scare Terrorist Bombers]'' [Lanham, Md.: University Press of America, 2005] ISBN 0761831320, pp. 31-31</ref> [[Industrial Workers of the World]], writing to Priscilla, "[D]id thee call thyself a [[Industrial Workers of the World|Wobbly]] with an [[Industrial Workers of the World|I.W.W.]] tongue in thy [[socialist|socialistic]] (I couldn't bring myself to write '[[Communist|Communistic]]') cheek." Suggesting that an article questioning the [[legitimacy]] of the existing “[[capitalist]] order”<ref>Archibald MacLeish, “To the Young Men of Wall Street,” ''Saturday Review'', January 16, 1932</ref> did not go far enough, Hiss wrote to Priscilla in 1932, “Has thee seen Archibald MacLeish's<ref>MacLeish was a noted [[fellow traveller]]. (David Caute, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=zZ6YqBm3O2wC The Fellow-Travellers: Intellectual Friends of Communism]'' [New Haven: Yale University Press, 1988] ISBN 0300041950, p. 185) Following [[#refTimeDuggan49|the death]] of [[Laurence Duggan]]&mdash;ten days after Duggan implicated [[Henry Collins|Collins]] and [[Frederick Vanderbilt Field]], and [[#refOSullivan07|five days]] after Hiss' indictment by a grand jury&mdash;MacLeish, a former Librarian of Congress, would dedicate a poem to the late [[#refVenona1613|Soviet agent]], denouncing "informers" (apparently [[Hede Massing]] and [[Whittaker Chambers]], each of whom had identified Duggan) for their "slanders" and "lies." (Archibald MacLeish, "The Black Day," ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=KI0ESFOvi5QC Collected Poems, 1917-1982]'' [Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1985] ISBN 0395395690, p. 403) The [[OSS]] recorder assigned to document the the drafting of the [http://www.un.org/en/documents/charter/preamble.shtml UN Charter] (over which Hiss presided), would later say MacLeish "[http://www.un.org/depts/dhl/unationsday/docs/lindquist19april90.pdf kicked me out]" of the session.</ref> article on [[capitalism]] in last week's ''Saturday Review''? [[Felix Frankfurter|Felix]] says it is soft thinking after Wilson.”<ref>Tony Hiss, ''[http://books.google.com/books?id=14B3AAAAMAAJ&pgis=1 The View From Alger's Window]'' (New York: Vintage Books, 2000) ISBN 0375701281, pp. 140-141. The reference is to Edmund Wilson, then an editor at ''The New Republic'' who embraced Marxism and welcomed the stock market crash of 1929 as a portent of the death of capitalism. In 1932 he voted for Communist Party presidential candidate William Z. Foster and signed a manifesto calling for "a temporary [http://www.newyorker.com/archive/2003/03/24/030324crat_atlarge dictatorship of the class-conscious workers]."</ref>

==New Deal==

==New Deal==