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| | ==Farming== | | ==Farming== |
| − | [[File:Nd-farm-map.jpg|thumb|290px]] North Dakota has always been a farm state. The most productive area is the eastern strip in the Red River Valley, where the soils are good and the water is abundant. Too abundant, sometimes, as the red River often floods. Farming here is diversified, with wheat dominant, along witrh sugar beets and other crops. | + | [[File:Nd-farm-map.jpg|thumb|290px]] North Dakota has always been a farm state. The most productive area is the eastern strip in the Red River Valley, where the soils are good and the water is abundant. Too abundant, sometimes, as the Red River (which flows north into Canada) often floods. Farming here is diversified, with wheat dominant, along witrh sugar beets and other crops. |
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| | The East Central and West Central regions are dry and are given over to wheat and other grains. | | The East Central and West Central regions are dry and are given over to wheat and other grains. |
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| | The West has considerable ranching, but there is so little moisture that crops are seldom grown. | | The West has considerable ranching, but there is so little moisture that crops are seldom grown. |
| − | [[File:Sod-house.jpg|thumb|300px|There are few trees on the plains, so many pioneers built houses from sod and lived in them for years despite the dirt, darkness and insects. This hand-colored photo was taken about 1905.]] | + | [[File:Sod-house.jpg|thumb|300px|There are few trees on the plains, so many pioneers built houses from sod and lived in them for years despite the dirt, darkness and insects. This hand-colored photo was taken about 1905.<ref> See Everett Dick, ''Sod-House Frontier'' (1937)</ref>]] |
| | + | ==Transportation== |
| | + | The Red River and the Missouri River are navigable, with steamships active by the 1840s. They provided the easierst transportation until the opening of the roailroads in the 1880-1900 period. The Northern Pacific, Soo Line, Great Northern, and Milwaukee Road railroads served over 90% of the population, and sold land on very easy terms to immigrants. However, once they were settled in farmers and local merchants complained of high freight rates. The populated areas of east and central North Dakota are flat, making it easy for counties in the 1920s to build gravel roads to serve farmers. |
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| | ==Energy== | | ==Energy== |