17,394
edits
Changes
Jump to navigation
Jump to search
Line 10:
Line 10: + + + Line 31:
Line 34: − + Line 37:
Line 40: + Line 47:
Line 51: − + +
update
Said's critique of Orientalisms provoked a comprehensive review by postcolonial theorists of the bulk of Western knowledge regarding non-Western countries; this time the analysis was done by experts who did know Asian culture. Specialists on colonial South Asia, in particular, have taken off from Said’s work to look in detail at the construction of colonial knowledge, the [[reification]] of religious and racial categories, and the administrative practices of British colonial rule. The postcolonialists argued that Orientalist literature buttressed the colonial notion of a civilizing mission. Gender studies plays a major role, as postcolonial feminists such as Gayatri Spivak, Chandra Mohanty, and Rajeswari Rajan analyze and condemn Western feminism's ideological complicity with Orientalist and imperialist ventures.<ref> Md. Mahmudul Hasan, "The Orientalization of Gender." ''American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences'' 2005 22(4): 26-56. Issn: 0887-7653 </ref>
Said's critique of Orientalisms provoked a comprehensive review by postcolonial theorists of the bulk of Western knowledge regarding non-Western countries; this time the analysis was done by experts who did know Asian culture. Specialists on colonial South Asia, in particular, have taken off from Said’s work to look in detail at the construction of colonial knowledge, the [[reification]] of religious and racial categories, and the administrative practices of British colonial rule. The postcolonialists argued that Orientalist literature buttressed the colonial notion of a civilizing mission. Gender studies plays a major role, as postcolonial feminists such as Gayatri Spivak, Chandra Mohanty, and Rajeswari Rajan analyze and condemn Western feminism's ideological complicity with Orientalist and imperialist ventures.<ref> Md. Mahmudul Hasan, "The Orientalization of Gender." ''American Journal of Islamic Social Sciences'' 2005 22(4): 26-56. Issn: 0887-7653 </ref>
Ibn Warraq (2007) demonstrates argues that Said’s case against the West is deeply flawed. Warraq shows how Said deliberately misinterpreted the work of many scholars who knew far more about the Middle East than he. For that matter Said of systematically misrepresents Western civilization as a whole. Warraq shows that unlike the Arabs, Western civilization has to a certain extent tried to study, understand, welcome and incorporate outside ideas. Warraq demonstrates Said's thin knowledge of the history of the Middle East, and uses inadequate methodology, incoherent arguments, and a faulty historical understanding.
===Early modern Europe===
===Early modern Europe===
* Aoki, Andrew L. and Don T. Nakanishi. "Asian Pacific Americans and the New Minority Politics," ''PS: Political Science and Politics,'' Vol. 34, No. 3 (Sep., 2001), pp. 605-610 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1049-0965(200109)34%3A3%3C605%3AAPAATN%3E2.0.CO%3B2-G in JSTOR]
* Aoki, Andrew L. and Don T. Nakanishi. "Asian Pacific Americans and the New Minority Politics," ''PS: Political Science and Politics,'' Vol. 34, No. 3 (Sep., 2001), pp. 605-610 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=1049-0965(200109)34%3A3%3C605%3AAPAATN%3E2.0.CO%3B2-G in JSTOR]
* Bisaha, Nancy. ''Creating East and West: Renaissance Humanists and the Ottoman Turks'' (2004)
* Bisaha, Nancy. ''Creating East and West: Renaissance Humanists and the Ottoman Turks'' (2004)
* Cannadine, David. ''Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire.'' 2002. Argues that British visions were structured by British class hierarchies.
* Cannadine, David. ''Ornamentalism: How the British Saw Their Empire.'' 2002. Argues that British visions were structured by British class hierarchies.[[File:Warraq.jpg|thumb|200px]]
* Dirlik, Arif. "Chinese History and the Question of Orientalism," ''History and Theory,'' Vol. 35, No. 4, (Dec., 1996), pp. 96-118 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0018-2656(199612)35%3A4%3C96%3ACHATQO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9 in JSTOR]
* Dirlik, Arif. "Chinese History and the Question of Orientalism," ''History and Theory,'' Vol. 35, No. 4, (Dec., 1996), pp. 96-118 [http://links.jstor.org/sici?sici=0018-2656(199612)35%3A4%3C96%3ACHATQO%3E2.0.CO%3B2-9 in JSTOR]
* Hamilton, Alistair, and Francis Richard. ''André Du Ryer and Oriental Studies in Seventeenth-Century France'' (2004)
* Hamilton, Alistair, and Francis Richard. ''André Du Ryer and Oriental Studies in Seventeenth-Century France'' (2004)
* Irwin, Robert. ''Dangerous Knowledge: Orientalism and Its Discontents.'' Overlook, 2006. 416 pp.
* Irwin, Robert. ''Dangerous Knowledge: Orientalism and Its Discontents.'' Overlook, 2006. 416 pp.
* Jun, Helen H., “Black Orientalism: Nineteenth-Century Narratives of Race and U.S. Citizenship,” ''American Quarterly,'' 58 (Dec. 2006), 1047–66.
* Jun, Helen H., “Black Orientalism: Nineteenth-Century Narratives of Race and U.S. Citizenship,” ''American Quarterly,'' 58 (Dec. 2006), 1047–66.
* Kennedy, Valerie. ''Edward Said: A Critical Introduction'' (2000), 192pp; useful introduction [http://www.amazon.com/Edward-Said-Critical-Introduction-Contemporary/dp/0745620183/ref=sr_1_1?ie=UTF8&s=books&qid=1257203191&sr=1-1 excerpt and text search
* Klein, Christina. ''Cold War Orientalism: Asia in the Middlebrow Imagination, 1945-1961'' (2003), re American perceptions [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105852900 online edition]
* Klein, Christina. ''Cold War Orientalism: Asia in the Middlebrow Imagination, 1945-1961'' (2003), re American perceptions [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=105852900 online edition]
* Kontje, Todd. ''German Orientalisms.'' U. of Michigan Press, 2004. 316 pp.
* Kontje, Todd. ''German Orientalisms.'' U. of Michigan Press, 2004. 316 pp.
* MacKenzie, J. M. ''Orientalism: History, Theory and the Arts.'' 1995.
* MacKenzie, J. M. ''Orientalism: History, Theory and the Arts.'' 1995.
* Matar, Nabil ed. , ''In the Lands of Christians: Arabic Travel Writing in the Seventeenth Century'' (2003)
* Matar, Nabil ed. , ''In the Lands of Christians: Arabic Travel Writing in the Seventeenth Century'' (2003)
* Said, Edward. ''Orientalism'' (1978; also 2003 edition)
* Said, Edward. ''Orientalism'' (1978; also 2003 edition with a nasty new introduction)
* Warraq, Ibn. ''Defending the West: A Critique of Edward Said's Orientalism'' (2007) a conservative critique [http://www.asmeascholars.org/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=1236&catid=9&Itemid=64 online review]; [http://www.islam-watch.org/IbnWarraq/Warraq_Meets_Edward_Said.htm another online review]
* Wittfogel, Karl August. ''Oriental despotism: a comparative study of total power'' (1957), [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Wittfogel, Karl August. ''Oriental despotism: a comparative study of total power'' (1957), [http://www.historyebook.org/ online at ACLS e-books]
* Yoshihara, Mari. ''Embracing the East: White Women and American Orientalism.'' Oxford U. Press, 2003. 242 pp. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104283717 online edition]
* Yoshihara, Mari. ''Embracing the East: White Women and American Orientalism.'' Oxford U. Press, 2003. 242 pp. [http://www.questia.com/PM.qst?a=o&d=104283717 online edition]