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{| border="1" align="right" cellpadding="2" cellspacing="0" width="250" style="margin-left:5px"
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{{American Civil War3
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|align="center" colspan="2"|[[Image:Cwlogo.png|200px]]
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| image          =SoldiersAtPetersburg.jpg
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|-
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| president      =[[Abraham Lincoln]]
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!colspan="2" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy  no-repeat scroll top left;"|The Civil War
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| president2    =[[Jefferson Davis]]
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1861 - 1865
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| vicepresident  =[[Hannibal Hamlin]]
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|-
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| vicepresident2 =[[Alexander Stephans]]
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|Begun
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| secstate      =[[William Seward]]
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|April 12, 1861
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| secstate2      =Judah P. Benjamin
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|-
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| secwar        =[[Edwin M. Stanton]]
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|Ended
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| secwar2        =James A. Seddon
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|April 9, 1865
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| secnavy        =Gideon Welles
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|-
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| secnavy2      =Stephan R. Mallory
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|Casualties
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}}
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|970,000
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|-
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|Total dead
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|620,000
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|-
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!colspan="2" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: navy  no-repeat scroll top left;"|United States of America
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|-
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|President
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|[[Abraham Lincoln]]
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|-
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|Secretary of War
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|Simon Cameron, Edwin M. Stanton
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|-
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|Secretary of the Navy
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|Gideon Welles
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|-
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|Secretary of State
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|William Seward
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|-
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!colspan="2" align="center" style="color: white; height: 30px; background: gray  no-repeat scroll top left;"|Confederate States of America
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|-
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|President
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|[[Jefferson Davis]]
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|-
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|Secretary of War
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|Leroy Pope Walker, Judah P. Benjamin, George W. Randolph, James Seddon, John C. Breckinridge
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|-
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|Secretary of the Navy
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|Stephan Mallory
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|-
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|Secretary of State
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|Robert Toombs, Robert M.T. Hunter, Judah P. Benjamin
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|}
   
From Bull Run to Chattanooga, the Union armies had fought their battles without benefit of either a grand strategy or a supreme field commander. Even after the great victories of 1863, the situation in 1864 reflected this lack of unity of command. During the final year of the war the people of the North grew restless; and as the election of 1864 approached, many of them advocated a policy of making peace with the Confederacy. Committed to the policy of destroying the armed power of the Confederacy, President [[Abraham Lincoln]] sought a general who could pull together all the threads of an emerging strategy and then concentrate the Union armies and their supporting naval power against the secessionists.
 
From Bull Run to Chattanooga, the Union armies had fought their battles without benefit of either a grand strategy or a supreme field commander. Even after the great victories of 1863, the situation in 1864 reflected this lack of unity of command. During the final year of the war the people of the North grew restless; and as the election of 1864 approached, many of them advocated a policy of making peace with the Confederacy. Committed to the policy of destroying the armed power of the Confederacy, President [[Abraham Lincoln]] sought a general who could pull together all the threads of an emerging strategy and then concentrate the Union armies and their supporting naval power against the secessionists.
  
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