Changes

The '''Gorsky memo''' is an internal [[KI]] document, dated December 1948, written by [[Anatoly Gorsky]], chief of [[USSR|Soviet]] intelligence in the [[United States]] during [[World War II]]. It lists 43 Soviet sources and intelligence officers likely to have been identified to U.S. authorities following the defections of [[Whittaker Chambers]], [[Hede Massing]], [[Elizabeth Bentley]],  [[Louis Budenz]] and [[Igor Guzenko]]. It was discovered in the [[KGB]] files by former KGB agent Alexander Vassiliev during the brief opening after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]] in 1993-96, when he was permitted to make notes of some KGB archives. Vassiliev donated his notes the the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which posted them online in 2009. The translation is by Philip Redko, with annotations by Vassiliev and Library of Congress Cold War historian John Earl Haynes.

The '''Gorsky memo''' is an internal [[KI]] document, dated December 1948, written by [[Anatoly Gorsky]], chief of [[USSR|Soviet]] intelligence in the [[United States]] during [[World War II]]. It lists 43 Soviet sources and intelligence officers likely to have been identified to U.S. authorities following the defections of [[Whittaker Chambers]], [[Hede Massing]], [[Elizabeth Bentley]],  [[Louis Budenz]] and [[Igor Gouzenko]]. It was discovered in the [[KGB]] files by former KGB agent Alexander Vassiliev during the brief opening after the fall of the [[Soviet Union]] in 1993-96, when he was permitted to make notes of some KGB archives. Vassiliev donated his notes the the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars, which posted them online in 2009. The translation is by Philip Redko, with annotations by Vassiliev and Library of Congress Cold War historian John Earl Haynes.

=Failures in the USA (1938-48)=

=Failures in the USA (1938-48)=

==“Karl’s” group:==

==“Karl’s” group:==

1. Karl – Whittaker Chambers, former editor in chief of “Time” magazine. Traitor.

1. Karl – [[Whittaker Chambers]], former editor in chief of “Time” magazine. Traitor.

2. Jerome – Barna Bukov (Altman), our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

2. Jerome – Barna Bukov (Altman), our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

3. Leonard – Alger Hiss, former employee of the State Dept.

3. Leonard – [[Alger Hiss]], former employee of the State Dept.

4. Junior – Donald Hiss, former employee of the Dept. of the Interior

4. Junior – [[Donald Hiss]], former employee of the Dept. of the Interior

5. 104th – Henry A. Wadleigh – former employee of the State Dept.

5. 104th – [[Henry Wadleigh|Henry A. Wadleigh]] – former employee of the State Dept.

6. 118th – F.V. Reno – former employee of the Aberdeen Proving Ground

6. 118th – F.V. Reno – former employee of the Aberdeen Proving Ground

7. 105th – Henry Collins, former employee of Dept. of Agriculture, at pres., director of the

7. 105th – [[Henry Collins]], former employee of Dept. of Agriculture, at pres., director of the

American-Russian Institute in NY

American-Russian Institute in NY

8. 114th – William W. Pigman, former employee of the Bureau of Standards

8. 114th – William W. Pigman, former employee of the Bureau of Standards

9. “Storm” – Joseph Peters (a.k.a. Isadore Boorstein), former member of the Central Committee

9. “Storm” – [[J. Peters|Joseph Peters]] (a.k.a. Isadore Boorstein), former member of the Central Committee

of the CP USA

of the CP USA

10. “Vig” – Lee Pressman, former legal adviser of the Congress of Industrial Organizations

10. “Vig” – [[Lee Pressman]], former legal adviser of the Congress of Industrial Organizations

11. 116th – Harry Azizov, former employee of a steel-smelting company in Chicago

11. 116th – Harry Azizov, former employee of a steel-smelting company in Chicago

12. 101st – Peter MacLean, journalist and photoreporter, not used since '37

12. 101st – Peter MacLean, journalist and photoreporter, not used since '37

15. 113th – Harry Rosenthal, employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia

15. 113th – Harry Rosenthal, employee of an insurance company in Philadelphia

16. 115th – Lester Hutm, former employee of the Frankford Arsenal

16. 115th – Lester Hutm, former employee of the Frankford Arsenal

17. “Ernst” – Noel Field, former employee of the State Dept.

17. “Ernst” – [[Noel Field]], former employee of the State Dept.

18. “Rupert” – V.V. Sveshnikov, former employee of the War Dept.

18. “Rupert” – V.V. Sveshnikov, former employee of the War Dept.

19. “Richard” – Harry White, former assistant to Sec. of the Treasury Morgenthau, died in ‘48

19. “Richard” – [[Harry Dexter White|Harry White]], former assistant to Sec. of the Treasury Morgenthau, died in ‘48

20. “Aileron” – G. Silverman, former chief of the Planning and Statistics Division of the AAF

20. “Aileron” – [[George Silverman|G. Silverman]], former chief of the Planning and Statistics Division of the AAF

21. “Ruble” – Harold Glasser, former director of the Monetary Division of the Dept. of the

21. “Ruble” – [[Harold Glasser]], former director of the Monetary Division of the Dept. of the

Treasury

Treasury

==“Redhead’s” group==

==“Redhead’s” group==

1. “Redhead” – Hedwiga Gumpertz, “Vatsek’s” wife. Sent to the USA in ’38 to carry out our

1. “Redhead” – [[Hede Massing|Hedwiga]] Gumpertz, “Vatsek’s” wife. Sent to the USA in ’38 to carry out our

assignments. A traitor since ’48.

assignments. A traitor since ’48.

2. “Vatsek” – Paul Massing, a scientist at the “Institute for Social Research” at Columbia

2. “Vatsek” – Paul Massing, a scientist at the “Institute for Social Research” at Columbia

University. Traitor.

University. Traitor.

3. “Oscar” – Oscar Bernstein, a lawyer, used for setting up covers for our workers in the USA.

3. “Oscar” – Oscar Bernstein, a lawyer, used for setting up covers for our workers in the USA.

4. “Prince” – Laurence Duggan (a.k.a. 19) former employee of the State Dept. Suicide.

4. “Prince” – [[Laurence Duggan]] (a.k.a. 19) former employee of the State Dept. Suicide.

5. “Ruff” – Franz Neumann, former consultant for the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS.

5. “Ruff” – [[Franz Neumann]], former consultant for the Research and Analysis Branch of the OSS.

6. “Vardo” – E.Y. Zarubina, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

6. “Vardo” – E.Y. Zarubina, our former cadre employee. Currently in the USSR.

==“Buben’s” group==

==“Buben’s” group==

1. “Buben” – Louis Budenz, former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA, former editor

1. “Buben” – [[Louis Budenz]], former member of the Central Committee of the CP USA, former editor

of the “Daily Worker,” at pres., he is a professor at Fordham Catholic University.

of the “Daily Worker,” at pres., he is a professor at Fordham Catholic University.

2. “Bob” – Robert Menaker, traveling salesman for various trade firms

2. “Bob” – Robert Menaker, traveling salesman for various trade firms

==“Sound” and “Myrna’s” group==

==“Sound” and “Myrna’s” group==

1. “Sound” – Jacob Golos (Raisin), our former illegal employee in the USA. Died in ’43.

1. “Sound” – [[Jacob Golos]] (Raisin), our former illegal employee in the USA. Died in ’43.

2. “Myrna” – Elizabeth Bentley, former vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping

2. “Myrna” – [[Elizabeth Bentley]], former vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping

Corporation.” A traitor since ’45.

Corporation.” A traitor since ’45.

3. “Tan” – Harry Magdoff, former official at the Dept. of Commerce

3. “Tan” – [[Harry Magdoff]], former official at the Dept. of Commerce

4. “Ted” – Edward Fitzgerald, former official at the Dept. of Commerce

4. “Ted” – Edward Fitzgerald, former official at the Dept. of Commerce

5. “Mole” – Charles Kramer, former adviser to Senator Pepper.

5. “Mole” – [[Charles Kramer]], former adviser to Senator Pepper.

6. “Izra” – Donald Wheeler, former OSS official

6. “Izra” – [[Donald Wheeler]], former OSS official

7. “Sid” – Allan Rosenberg, former Foreign Economic Administration official

7. “Sid” – [[Allan Rosenberg]], former Foreign Economic Administration official

8. “Dan” – Stanley Graze, State Dept. intelligence employee

8. “Dan” – [[Stanley Graze]], State Dept. intelligence employee

9. “Arena” – Gerald Graze, “Dan’s” brother, former employee of the War Dept.

9. “Arena” – [[Gerald Graze]], “Dan’s” brother, former employee of the War Dept.

10. “Boy” – Charles Flato, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration

10. “Boy” – [[Charles Flato]], former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration

11. “Raid” – Victor Perlo, former War Production Board official

11. “Raid” – [[Victor Perlo]], former War Production Board official

12. “Robert” – Gregory Silvermaster, former official of the Reconstruction Financial Corporation at

12. “Robert” – [[Gregory Silvermaster]], former official of the Reconstruction Financial Corporation at

the Dept. of Commerce

the Dept. of Commerce

13. “Vim” (a.k.a. “Page”) – Lauchlin Currie, former aide to President Roosevelt

13. “Vim” (a.k.a. “Page”) – [[Lauchlin Currie]], former aide to President Roosevelt

14. “Peak” – Frank Coe, former chief of the Monetary Section of the Dept. of the Treasury

14. “Peak” – [[Frank Coe]], former chief of the Monetary Section of the Dept. of the Treasury

15. “Acorn” – Bela Gold, former Dept. of Commerce official

15. “Acorn” – [[Bela Gold]], former Dept. of Commerce official

16. “Zhenya” – Sonia Gold, former secretary to the chief of the Monetary Research Division of the

16. “Zhenya” – Sonia Gold, former secretary to the chief of the Monetary Research Division of the

Dept. of the Treasury

Dept. of the Treasury

17. “Tino” – Irving Kaplan, former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration

17. “Tino” – [[Irving Kaplan]], former employee of the Foreign Economic Administration

18. “Sachs” – Solomon Adler, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury

18. “Sachs” – [[Solomon Adler]], former employee of the U.S. Dept. of the Treasury

p.53 19. “Pilot” – Ludwig Ullman, former employee of the U.S. Dept. of War

p.53 19. “Pilot” – [[William Ludwig Ullman|Ludwig Ullman]], former employee of the U.S. Dept. of War

20. “Bak” – David Weintraub, former employee of the UNRRA

20. “Bak” – [[David Weintraub]], former employee of the UNRRA

21. “X” – Joseph Katz, our old agent/group handler, co-owner of a cover that we set up — a glovemaking factory. Currently in Italy, forming a company on our

21. “X” – [[Joseph Katz]], our old agent/group handler, co-owner of a cover that we set up — a glovemaking factory. Currently in Italy, forming a company on our instructions to cover the illegal courier line between Europe and the USA.

instructions to cover the illegal courier line between Europe and the USA.

22. “Adam” – Eva Getzov, employee of the “Jewish Welfare Board”

22. “Adam” – Eva Getzov, employee of the “Jewish Welfare Board”

23. “Hare” – Maurice Halperin, former OSS employee

23. “Hare” – [[Maurice Halperin]], former OSS employee

24. “Koch” – Duncan Lee, former OSS employee

24. “Koch” – [[Duncan Lee]], former OSS employee

25. “Muse” – Helen Tenney, former OSS employee

25. “Muse” – [[Helen Tenney]], former OSS employee

26. “Flora” – Ruth Rivkin, f. UNRRA employee

26. “Flora” – [[Ruth Rivkin]], f. UNRRA employee

27. “Mon” – Bernard Redmont, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”

27. “Mon” – Bernard Redmont, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”

28. “Mirage” – Robert Miller, f. State Dept. official

28. “Mirage” – [[Robert Miller]], f. State Dept. official

29. “Dir” – Mary Price, f. secretary to American journalist Lippmann

29. “Dir” – [[Mary Price]], f. secretary to American journalist Lippmann

30. “Gor” – Joseph Gregg, f. “Rockefeller Committee” official

30. “Gor” – [[Joseph Gregg]], f. “Rockefeller Committee” official

31. “Fedya” – William Remington, f. War Production Board official

31. “Fedya” – [[William Remington]], f. War Production Board official

32. “Cautious” – Julius Joseph, f. OSS employee

32. “Cautious” – [[Julius Joseph]], f. OSS employee

33. “Echo” – S. Schuster, staff member of the Central Committee of the CP USA

33. “Echo” – S. Schuster, staff member of the Central Committee of the CP USA

34. “Irma” – Ray Elson, f. vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation”

34. “Irma” – [[Ray Elson]], f. vice president of the “United States Service and Shipping Corporation”

35. “Grin” – John Spivak, journalist, used on the Trotskyites until ’41

35. “Grin” – [[John Spivak]], journalist, used on the Trotskyites until ’41

35. “Vadim” – A.V. Gorsky, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in Washington, currently in the USSR.

35. “Vadim” – [[Anatoly Gorsky|A.V. Gorsky]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in Washington, currently in the USSR.

36. “Lucy” – Pravdina, f. Amtorg employee, wife of the former station chief in NY, “Sergey.”

36. “Lucy” – Pravdina, f. Amtorg employee, wife of the former station chief in NY, “Sergey.”

Currently in the USSR.

Currently in the USSR.

37. “Sergey” – V. Pravdin, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.

37. “Sergey” – [[Vladimir Pravdin|V. Pravdin]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.

38. “Stock” – our cadre employee M. Shalyapin. Currently in the USSR.

38. “Stock” – our cadre employee M. Shalyapin. Currently in the USSR.

39. “Gennady” – G.B. Ovakimyan, f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.

39. “Gennady” – [[Gaik Ovakimian|G.B. Ovakimyan]], f. station chief of the MGB USSR in NY. Currently in the USSR.

40. “Albert” – A.I. Akhmerov, f. illegal station chief of the MGB in NY. Currently in the USSR.

40. “Albert” – [[Ishkak Akhmerov|A.I. Akhmerov]], f. illegal station chief of the MGB in NY. Currently in the USSR.

41. “Elsa” – Akhmerova, Albert’s wife, American, a Soviet citizen. Currently in the USSR.

41. “Elsa” – Akhmerova, Albert’s wife, American, a Soviet citizen. Currently in the USSR.

42. “Mushroom” – Willard Park, f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”

42. “Mushroom” – [[Willard Park]], f. employee of the “Rockefeller Committee”

43. “Charlie” – Cedric Belfrage, f. employee of the English intelligence station in NY. At pres., he is a

43. “Charlie” – [[Cedric Belfrage]], f. employee of the English intelligence station in NY. At pres., he is a

journalist.

journalist.

==“Berg” and “Art’s” group==

==“Berg” and “Art’s” group==

1. “Berg” – Alexander Koral, f. engineer of the municipality of NY

1. “Berg” – [[Alexander Koral]], f. engineer of the municipality of NY

2. “Art” – Helen Koral, “Berg’s” wife. Housewife.

2. “Art” – Helen Koral, “Berg’s” wife. Housewife.

3. “San” – Richard Koral, son. Student.

3. “San” – Richard Koral, son. Student.