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==Etymology==
 
==Etymology==
 
The term was first used in a musical context by [[Canada|Canadian]] rock band '''Steppenwolf''' in their 1968 hit record<ref>Billboard Hot 100 singles chart: highest position #2</ref> ''Born To Be Wild'', which contained the line: "I like smoke and lightning, heavy metal thunder..." The song received worldwide exposure the following year when it was used in the soundtrack of the 1969 [[counterculture]] movie ''[[Easy Rider]]''. However, the phrase "heavy metal" had previously been used in 1962 by [[William Burroughs]] in his novel ''The Soft Machine'',<ref>ISBN-10: 0802133290 ISBN-13: 978-0802133298</ref>  which contained a character named "Uranian Willy, the Heavy Metal Kid". In 1964, he used it to describe mass technological destruction to the point of biological toxicity in his novel ''Nova Express''.<ref>ISBN-10: 0802133304  ISBN-13: 978-0802133304 </ref>
 
The term was first used in a musical context by [[Canada|Canadian]] rock band '''Steppenwolf''' in their 1968 hit record<ref>Billboard Hot 100 singles chart: highest position #2</ref> ''Born To Be Wild'', which contained the line: "I like smoke and lightning, heavy metal thunder..." The song received worldwide exposure the following year when it was used in the soundtrack of the 1969 [[counterculture]] movie ''[[Easy Rider]]''. However, the phrase "heavy metal" had previously been used in 1962 by [[William Burroughs]] in his novel ''The Soft Machine'',<ref>ISBN-10: 0802133290 ISBN-13: 978-0802133298</ref>  which contained a character named "Uranian Willy, the Heavy Metal Kid". In 1964, he used it to describe mass technological destruction to the point of biological toxicity in his novel ''Nova Express''.<ref>ISBN-10: 0802133304  ISBN-13: 978-0802133304 </ref>
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== Sub-genres ==
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Metal has diversified enormously since the early days of Black Sabbath. Sub-genres include:
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'''Doom metal'''
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Inspired by [[Black Sabbath]], the genre's main characteristic is that of almost exclusive use of low tempos in order to create a crushing and dark atmosphere. Arguably, Black Sabbath's song Black Sabbath was the first song of this genre, with extensive use of a tritone in its main riff, and dark, slow progression.
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'''New wave of British heavy metal (NWOBHM)'''
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'''Glam metal'''
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'''Speed metal'''
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'''Thrash metal'''
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'''Power metal'''
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'''Death metal'''
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Building on the aggression and speed of thrash, death metal is incredibly diverse. The music will typically use many chromatic riffs, naturally distorted vocals (known as death growls, but high shrieking and clean singing are not unknown), extensive double bass drumming and blast beats, and extremely high tempos. However, mid and low tempos are also very prevalent, with bands such as [[Suffocation]] and [[Cryptopsy]] using this extensively as a tool to contrast the high tempos which make up much of their songs.
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'''Black metal'''
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'''Stoner metal'''
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'''Metalcore'''
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'''Deathcore'''
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Deathcore takes death metal, often with elements such as pedal riffs taken from melodic death, and adds to them the hardcore vocals and one-note, palm-muted breakdowns of metalcore. Deathcore has known a period of high popularity, but is often rejected from many underground circles for using elements of metalcore, which is perceived as being less extreme and more commercial than most metal.
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'''Djent '''
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A relatively recent term for bands making heavy use of low tunings (usually played on 7 or 8 stringed guitars) with extensive use of polymetrics. [[Meshuggah]] were the first band to make use of these musical devices extensively; in the last two years, bands such as [[TesseracT]], [[Bulb]], [[Periphery]] and [[Animals as Leaders]] taken Meshuggah's template and expanded on it; one common Djent trait is to make extensive use of atmospheric keyboards, something Meshuggah has never done.
      
==References==
 
==References==
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