| − | Charles II was the oldest son of [[Charles I]] and was born in 1630. Charles II ruled [[England]] until his death in 1685. He instituted the Restoration of the monarchy in 1659 and established the rights of prisoners not to be held unless there was a good reason (the [[Habeas Corpus Act]]) in 1679. The first political parties, the [[Whigs]] and the [[Tories]], formed during Charles's reign. | + | '''Charles II''' was the oldest son of [[Charles I]] and was born in 1630. Charles II ruled [[England]] until his death in 1685. He instituted the Restoration of the monarchy in 1659 and established the rights of prisoners not to be held unless there was a good reason (the [[Habeas Corpus Act]]) in 1679. The first political parties, the [[Whigs]] and the [[Tories]], formed during Charles's reign. |