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| | | If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. | | | If a man shall steal an ox, or a sheep, and kill it, or sell it; he shall restore five oxen for an ox, and four sheep for a sheep. |
| − | | | + | |If a man steals an [[ox]] or a [[shee]], and slaughters it or sells it, he must repay five oxen for an ox, or four sheep for a sheep. |
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| | | If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him. | | | If a thief be found breaking up, and be smitten that he die, there shall no blood be shed for him. |
| − | | | + | |If a thief is caught trying to break in, and is struck a fatal blow, no blood will be shed on his account. |
| − | | | + | |If the thief dies in the act of thieving, that's the end of the case. |
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| | | If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft. | | | If the sun be risen upon him, there shall be blood shed for him; for he should make full restitution; if he have nothing, then he shall be sold for his theft. |
| − | | | + | |If the sun rises on him, blood will be shed on his account, in that he must make full restitution. If he has nothing to repay with, he must be sold on account of his theft. |
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| | | If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double. | | | If the theft be certainly found in his hand alive, whether it be ox, or ass, or sheep; he shall restore double. |
| − | | | + | |If the stolen livestock is found alive in his hand, be it ox or [[donkey]] or sheep, he must repay double. |
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| | |5 | | |5 |
| | | If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution. | | | If a man shall cause a field or vineyard to be eaten, and shall put in his beast, and shall feed in another man's field; of the best of his own field, and of the best of his own vineyard, shall he make restitution. |
| − | | | + | |If a man causes a field or vineyard to be grazed down, and then releases any of his livestock and grazes it in another man's field, then he must make restitution from the best of his own field and the best of his own vineyard. |
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| | | If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution. | | | If fire break out, and catch in thorns, so that the stacks of corn, or the standing corn, or the field, be consumed therewith; he that kindled the fire shall surely make restitution. |
| − | | | + | |If a fire breaks out and catches on thorns, and corn shocks or raised grain or field be burnt up, then whoever started that fire must certainly make restitution. |
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| | | If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double. | | | If a man shall deliver unto his neighbour money or stuff to keep, and it be stolen out of the man's house; if the thief be found, let him pay double. |
| − | | | + | |If a man gives his neighbor any money or articles to keep, and these goods be stolen out of the man's house: if the thief is found, then the thief will repay double. |
| − | | | + | |Literally, [[silver]], a common metaphor for money in certain modern languages. |
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| | | If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods. | | | If the thief be not found, then the master of the house shall be brought unto the judges, to see whether he have put his hand unto his neighbour's goods. |
| − | | | + | |If the thief cannot be found, then the master of the house must be brought before the court to determine whether he has kept his neighbor's goods for himself. |
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| | | For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour. | | | For all manner of trespass, whether it be for ox, for ass, for sheep, for raiment, or for any manner of lost thing, which another challengeth to be his, the cause of both parties shall come before the judges; and whom the judges shall condemn, he shall pay double unto his neighbour. |
| − | | | + | |In any matter involving a transgression, over an ox or donkey or sheep or clothing or for any sort of lost thing, which another person says actually belongs to him, then the word of both parties will be judged by the court, and whom the court finds guilty shall repay his neighbor double. |
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| | | If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it: | | | If a man deliver unto his neighbour an ass, or an ox, or a sheep, or any beast, to keep; and it die, or be hurt, or driven away, no man seeing it: |
| − | | | + | |If a man gives his neighbor a donkey, and ox, a sheep, or any other livestock animal to keep, and that animal dies, or is injured, or gets captured, with no witnesses to the mishap, |
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| | | Then shall an oath of the LORD be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good. | | | Then shall an oath of the LORD be between them both, that he hath not put his hand unto his neighbour's goods; and the owner of it shall accept thereof, and he shall not make it good. |
| − | | | + | |an oath of the [[YHWH|L<small>ORD</small>]] will be taken between the two, that he did not misappropriate his neighbor's goods. The owner will accept that, and the other person will not have to make it good. |
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| | | And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof. | | | And if it be stolen from him, he shall make restitution unto the owner thereof. |
| − | | | + | |But if it has been stolen from him, he must make restitution to its owner. |
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| | | If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn. | | | If it be torn in pieces, then let him bring it for witness, and he shall not make good that which was torn. |
| − | | | + | |If it has been torn to pieces, he must bring in a testimony to the incident, and he need not make good what was torn. |
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| | | And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good. | | | And if a man borrow ought of his neighbour, and it be hurt, or die, the owner thereof being not with it, he shall surely make it good. |
| − | | | + | |If a man borrows anything from his neighbor, and that thing be injured, or die, and the owner is not with it, then he must make restitution. |
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| | | But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing, it came for his hire. | | | But if the owner thereof be with it, he shall not make it good: if it be an hired thing, it came for his hire. |
| − | | | + | |But if the owner was with it, he need not make restitution. If it is a rented thing, then it came for his rent. |
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| | | And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife. | | | And if a man entice a maid that is not betrothed, and lie with her, he shall surely endow her to be his wife. |
| − | | | + | |If a man entices an unattached virgin and is intimate with her, then he must pay the bride price, and she will be his wife. |
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| | | If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. | | | If her father utterly refuse to give her unto him, he shall pay money according to the dowry of virgins. |
| − | | | + | |Now if her father absolutely refuses to give her to him, he must still pay in full the bride-price for virgins. |
| − | | | + | |Literally, "weigh out the silver." |
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| | | Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live. | | | Thou shalt not suffer a witch to live. |
| − | | | + | |Do not allow an enchantress to live. |
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| | |19 | | |19 |
| | | Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death. | | | Whosoever lieth with a beast shall surely be put to death. |
| − | | | + | |Anyone who copulates with an animal must certainly be executed. |
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| | | He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed. | | | He that sacrificeth unto any god, save unto the LORD only, he shall be utterly destroyed. |
| − | | | + | |Anyone who sacrifices something to any god, will be doomed unless that sacrifice was made only to the L<small>ORD</small>. |
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| | | Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. | | | Thou shalt neither vex a stranger, nor oppress him: for ye were strangers in the land of Egypt. |
| − | | | + | |Do not tyrannize or oppress a sojourner. You became sojourners in the land of [[Egypt]]. |
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| | |22 | | |22 |
| | | Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child. | | | Ye shall not afflict any widow, or fatherless child. |
| − | | | + | |Do not humiliate any widow or orphan. |
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| | | If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry; | | | If thou afflict them in any wise, and they cry at all unto me, I will surely hear their cry; |
| − | | | + | |If you humiliate them in any manner, and they make any outcry to Me, I will certainly hear their outcry, |
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| | | And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless. | | | And my wrath shall wax hot, and I will kill you with the sword; and your wives shall be widows, and your children fatherless. |
| − | | | + | |and My anger will grow hot, and I will kill you with the sword, and your wives will become widows, and your children orphans. |
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| | | If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury. | | | If thou lend money to any of my people that is poor by thee, thou shalt not be to him as an usurer, neither shalt thou lay upon him usury. |
| − | | | + | |If you lend any money to any of My people who has become poor by you, you will not act the creditor with him, nor charge him any interest. |
| − | | | + | |For "poor" the [[Hebrew]] reads "humble." |
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| | | If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down: | | | If thou at all take thy neighbour's raiment to pledge, thou shalt deliver it unto him by that the sun goeth down: |
| − | | | + | |If you take any of your neighbor's clothes as any kind of pledge, you must restore it to him before the sun sets. |
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| | | For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious. | | | For that is his covering only, it is his raiment for his skin: wherein shall he sleep? and it shall come to pass, when he crieth unto me, that I will hear; for I am gracious. |
| − | | | + | |That is his only covering; it is a garment for his skin. What else would he sleep in? It shall happen that if he cries out to me, I will hear, because I am Gracious. |
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| | | Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. | | | Thou shalt not revile the gods, nor curse the ruler of thy people. |
| − | | | + | |Do not show contempt of court, nor speak ill of the prince of your people. |
| − | | | + | |"Elohim" means either [[God]] or a court. |
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| | | Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me. | | | Thou shalt not delay to offer the first of thy ripe fruits, and of thy liquors: the firstborn of thy sons shalt thou give unto me. |
| − | | | + | |Do not delay in offering the first of your ripe fruits, and fruit juices. You will dedicate the firstborn of your sons to Me. |
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| | | Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me. | | | Likewise shalt thou do with thine oxen, and with thy sheep: seven days it shall be with his dam; on the eighth day thou shalt give it me. |
| − | | | + | |You will do the same with your oxen, and your sheep. The firstborn will stay seven days with its mother, and on the eighth you will give it to Me. |
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| | | And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs. | | | And ye shall be holy men unto me: neither shall ye eat any flesh that is torn of beasts in the field; ye shall cast it to the dogs. |
| − | | | + | |You will be a people set apart to Me. Nor shall you eat any flesh that was torn to pieces in the field; instead you will throw such flesh to the dogs. |
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