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Line 26: − + − + − + − − {| style="background:white; color:blue" border="1" class="wikitable" − |- − ! Year − ! United States <ref>Standard Statistics Co., ''New Money for Operating and Producing,'' n.d.</ref> − ! Great Britain <ref>Midland Bank, London, ''New Issues for British Companies,'' n.d.; Conversion from £ to $ at $4.8665.</ref> − |- − | 1927 − | $3,201,000,000 − | $710,509,000 − |- − | 1928 − | 3,062,000,000 − | 983,033,000 − |- − | 1929 − | 3,668,000,000 − | 759,174,000 − |- − | 1930 − | 3,039,000,000 − | 394,186,500 − |- − | 1931 − | 1,006,000,000 − | 155,728,000 − |- − | 1932 − | 321,000,000 − | 248,191,500 − |- − | 1933 − | 177,000,000 − | 296,856,500 − |- − | 1934 − | 356,000,000 − | 350,388,000 − |- − | 1935 − | 348,000,000 − | 666,710,500 − |- − − |} − ==Economic planning== − − Roosevelt did not restore the economic system. He did not construct a new one. He substituted an old one which lives upon permanent crises and an armament economy. The system is more like the managed and bureaucratized, state supported system of [[Germany]] before [[World War I]]. Before this regime the United States lived in a system which depended for its expansion upon private investment in private enterprise. Today the US lives in a system which depends for its expansion and vitality upon the government. This is a pre-war European importation - imported at the moment when it had fallen into complete disintegration in Europe.<ref>[http://www.rooseveltmyth.com/book/fdrmyth_Chapter_Fifteen___The_Roosevelt_.htm ''The Roosevelt Myth'', Book 3, Ch. 14], John T. Flynn, Fox and Wilkes, 1948.</ref> Line 148:
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New capital made available for investment amounted to $348,000,000 in 1935. This was less than 1/10th of the amount available in 1929. By contrast, the British economy had nearly recovered to its 1929 levels by 1935, and the amount available for investment was almost twice as much as the United States.
New capital made available for investment amounted to $348,000,000 in 1935. This was less than 1/10th of the amount available in 1929. By contrast, the British economy had nearly recovered to its 1929 levels by 1935, and the amount available for investment was almost twice as much as the United States.
===Years of stagnation===
==Economic planning==
:'''''Main article'': [[Economic planning]]
New capital made available for investment amounted to $348,000,000 in 1935. This was less than 1/10th of the amount available in 1929. By contrast, the British economy had nearly recovered to its 1929 levels by 1935, and the amount available for investment was almost twice as much as the United States.
The New Deal did not promote recovery of the economic system. It established a system which required a permanent crises to support an armament economy. The system resembled the managed and bureaucratized, state supported system of [[Germany]] before [[World War I]]. Before this regime the United States lived in a system which depended for its expansion upon private investment in private enterprise. After World War II the US lived in a system which depends for its expansion and vitality upon the government. This is a pre-war European importation - imported at the moment when it had fallen into complete disintegration in Europe.<ref>[http://www.rooseveltmyth.com/book/fdrmyth_Chapter_Fifteen___The_Roosevelt_.htm ''The Roosevelt Myth'', Book 3, Ch. 14], John T. Flynn, Fox and Wilkes, 1948.</ref>
James Burnham, a former [[Trotskyite]], discovered in 1941 that the "workers revolution" which allegedy was to overthrow the capitalist "exploiters", was in real practice a "managerial revolution" which replaced older 19th century owners of capital with twentieth century technocrats and managers. Burnham found that "workers in this mythical 'workers' state' were, the facts showed, a subject class far more heavily exploited than the workers under capitalism," and that the new managers in a planned economy "have curbed the masses and have instituted a social structure in which they are on top, not by virtue of private property rights in the instruments of production, but through their monopoly control of a state power which has fused with the economy." <ref>James Burnham, ''The Managerial Revolution'', Indiana University Press, Bloomingham 1966.</ref>
James Burnham, a former [[Trotskyite]], discovered in 1941 that the "workers revolution" which allegedy was to overthrow the capitalist "exploiters", was in real practice a "managerial revolution" which replaced older 19th century owners of capital with twentieth century technocrats and managers. Burnham found that "workers in this mythical 'workers' state' were, the facts showed, a subject class far more heavily exploited than the workers under capitalism," and that the new managers in a planned economy "have curbed the masses and have instituted a social structure in which they are on top, not by virtue of private property rights in the instruments of production, but through their monopoly control of a state power which has fused with the economy." <ref>James Burnham, ''The Managerial Revolution'', Indiana University Press, Bloomingham 1966.</ref>
==Record keeping & construction trades==
==Record keeping & construction trades==
[[Robert H. Jackson]], Assistant Attorney General, and Secretary of the Interior [[Harold Ickes]] in December made speeches inspired by the President on the [[conspiratorial]] ''America's 60 Families.'' <ref>''New Deal Chorus'', Time magazine, [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758849-1,00.html pg. 1][http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758849-2,00.html pg. 2], Jan. 17, 1938.</ref> In January, John D. Biggers staggered the administration with a report Roosevelt had commissioned that stated there were 10,870,000 people out of work. <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758790,00.html ''Two Schemes''], Time magazine, Jan. 10, 1938.</ref> Roosevelt realized that all the “pump priming” and spending $17 billion had failed. Despite the billions added to the debt, the Depression was back. He was now at the center of a tug-of-war with advocates of spending like [[Harry Hopkins]], [[Leon Henderson]] and [[Rex Tugwell]] on one side, and opponents like [[Henry Morgenthau]] on the other. DNC Chairman [[Jim Farley]] reports he had a talk on the subject with Roosevelt on March 28, 1938.
[[Robert H. Jackson]], Assistant Attorney General, and Secretary of the Interior [[Harold Ickes]] in December made speeches inspired by the President on the [[conspiratorial]] ''America's 60 Families.'' <ref>''New Deal Chorus'', Time magazine, [http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758849-1,00.html pg. 1][http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758849-2,00.html pg. 2], Jan. 17, 1938.</ref> In January, John D. Biggers staggered the administration with a report Roosevelt had commissioned that stated there were 10,870,000 people out of work. <ref>[http://www.time.com/time/magazine/article/0,9171,758790,00.html ''Two Schemes''], Time magazine, Jan. 10, 1938.</ref> Roosevelt realized that all the “pump priming” and spending $17 billion had failed. Despite the billions added to the debt, the Depression was back. He was now at the center of a tug-of-war with advocates of spending like [[Harry Hopkins]], [[Leon Henderson]] and [[Rex Tugwell]] on one side, and opponents like [[Henry Morgenthau]] on the other. DNC Chairman [[Jim Farley]] reports he had a talk on the subject with Roosevelt on March 28, 1938.
==Never allow a crisis go to waste==
==Never allow a crisis to go to waste==
Making provision for war increased business profits. In 1936 Roosevelt had said, "If we face the choice of profits or peace, the nation will answer – must answer - 'We choose peace'. It is the duty of all of us to encourage such a body of public opinion in this country that the answer will be clear." <ref>''Getting Us into War'', Porter Sargent Publisher: P. Sargent, Boston, 1941. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Getting_Us_Into_War-Porter_Sargent-1941-640pgs-POL.sml.pdf&id=218&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 ''No More Millionaires''], pg. 372 pdf</ref><ref>[http://thinkmarkets.wordpress.com/2010/08/10/%E2%80%9Cnever-let-a-crisis-go-to-waste%E2%80%9D/ Never Let a Crisis Go to Waste]'', Mario Rizzo, August 10, 2010.</ref>
Making provision for war increased business profits. In 1936 Roosevelt had said, "If we face the choice of profits or peace, the nation will answer – must answer - 'We choose peace'. It is the duty of all of us to encourage such a body of public opinion in this country that the answer will be clear." <ref>''Getting Us into War'', Porter Sargent Publisher: P. Sargent, Boston, 1941. [http://americandeception.com/index.php?action=downloadpdf&photo=/PDFsml_AD/Getting_Us_Into_War-Porter_Sargent-1941-640pgs-POL.sml.pdf&id=218&PHPSESSID=03d3557b41f249f71349e6d730cc8498 ''No More Millionaires''], pg. 372 pdf</ref><ref>[http://thinkmarkets.wordpress.com/2010/08/10/%E2%80%9Cnever-let-a-crisis-go-to-waste%E2%80%9D/ Never Let a Crisis Go to Waste]'', Mario Rizzo, August 10, 2010.</ref>