Changes

===Sulfur dioxide)===

===Sulfur dioxide)===

Reports exist, clinical and anecdotal, of past use of  fumigation with sulfur dioxide (such as through the use of sulfur candle) showing that it was a highly effective method against bedbugs.<ref>http://thebedbugresource.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=623</ref> In the late 1930 to the mid 1940s it was used in the United Kingdom to fumigate entire homes, and it is reported to have helped reduce infestations by up to 80% in one town under study.<ref>Busvine J.R. 1964. Medical Entomology in Britain. Ann. of App. Biol. 53: 190-199</ref> However, it is dangerous to use, due the poisonous and suffocating vapors of the sulphur dioxide gas, while its chemical action on metals and coloring fabrics may leave undesirable effects.<ref>[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CF4QFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2218860%2Fpdf%2Fjapha00004-0001b.pdf&ei=_7fkTMOcM4X7lwfpgvC1Cw&usg=AFQjCNG9DYw3T_grq4d_oLBTX7x-Wi0yTA&sig2=IawKCwC3s8zx6H7WlD9T3A Journal of the American Public Health Association,[ p. 232, April, 1911</ref> Factors adversely affecting its effectiveness include the difficulty in  penetrating all haborages, the higher resistance of eggs to the fumigant, while starvation and cold enhances the resistance of all bedbugs. To be efficient it must burn rapidly,  and some studies report it is not always successful. More clinical studies are needed in order to ascertain its effectiveness and the best manner of treatment. <ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1940.tb07481.x/abstract  H. C. Gough, ''The toxicity of sulphur dioxide to the bed-bug Cimex Lectularius L.'']</ref>

Reports exist, clinical and anecdotal, of past use of  fumigation with sulfur dioxide (such as through the use of sulfur candle) showing that it was a highly effective method against bedbugs.<ref>http://thebedbugresource.com/phpBB2/viewtopic.php?t=623</ref> In the late 1930 to the mid 1940s it was used in the United Kingdom to fumigate entire homes, and it is reported to have helped reduce infestations by up to 80% in one town under study.<ref>Busvine J.R. 1964. Medical Entomology in Britain. Ann. of App. Biol. 53: 190-199</ref> However, it is dangerous to use, due the poisonous and suffocating vapors of the sulphur dioxide gas, while its chemical action on metals and coloring fabrics may leave undesirable effects.<ref>[http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&source=web&cd=9&ved=0CF4QFjAI&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov%2Fpmc%2Farticles%2FPMC2218860%2Fpdf%2Fjapha00004-0001b.pdf&ei=_7fkTMOcM4X7lwfpgvC1Cw&usg=AFQjCNG9DYw3T_grq4d_oLBTX7x-Wi0yTA&sig2=IawKCwC3s8zx6H7WlD9T3A Journal of the American Public Health Association,[ p. 232, April, 1911</ref> Factors adversely affecting its effectiveness include the difficulty in  penetrating all haborages, the higher resistance of eggs to the fumigant, while starvation and cold enhances the resistance of all bedbugs.<ref>http://newyorkvsbedbugs.org/2009/06/15/the-challenges-in-1941</ref> To be efficient it must burn rapidly,  and some studies report it is not always successful. More clinical studies are needed in order to ascertain its effectiveness and the best manner of treatment. <ref>[http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1744-7348.1940.tb07481.x/abstract  H. C. Gough, ''The toxicity of sulphur dioxide to the bed-bug Cimex Lectularius L.'']</ref>

===Natural predators===

===Natural predators===