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'''Peer review''' in general refers to submitting scientific work to the scrutiny of other scientists, especially before making announcements to the general public.

'''Peer review''' in general refers to submitting scientific work to the scrutiny of other scientists, especially before making announcements to the general public. It has been found to be rooted in the Biblical tradition and is a proper Christian conduct.<ref>[http://www.answersingenesis.org/articles/arj/v1/n1/theology-peer-review Theology of Peer Review], Answer: Research Journal</ref>

In common practice, peer review is synonymous with [[anonymous peer review]], a largely secretive process whereby referees review a scientific paper in strict confidence before an editor accepts the paper for publication. Ordinarily, this process will catch subtle errors in scientific work. When the stakes are high, however, it is easy to abuse the process.

In common practice, peer review is synonymous with [[anonymous peer review]], a largely secretive process whereby referees review a scientific paper in strict confidence before an editor accepts the paper for publication. Ordinarily, this process will catch subtle errors in scientific work. When the stakes are high, however, it is easy to abuse the process.

A controversial form of peer review is when physicians on the staff of a hospital pass judgment on a fellow physician, and recommend that he be excluded from the medical staff.  This has potential for abuse to eliminate competitors, which is known as [[sham peer review]].

A controversial form of peer review is when physicians on the staff of a hospital pass judgment on a fellow physician, and recommend that he be excluded from the medical staff.  This has potential for abuse to eliminate competitors, which is known as [[sham peer review]].

==Abuses by the IPCC==

==Abuses by the IPCC==