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[[Image:Galileo.jpg|right|thumb|200px|'''Galileo Galilei'''<br> Subterman's portrait, circa 1640]]
[[File:Portrait galileo galilei 1564.jpg|right|thumb|220px|'''Galileo Galilei''']]
'''Galileo Galilei''' (1564-1642), often referred to simply as '''Galileo''', was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[physicist]] and [[astronomer]] who improved the [[telescope]], contributed to the field of [[mechanical]] [[physics]], proposed the [[heliocentrism|heliocentric]] model of [[Copernicus]] as the accurate universal model, and later in life had a famous dispute with the [[Catholic Church]] in which they labeled him a [[heretic]]. The backdrop was the [[Reformation]]. Despite the Church being in a divided state, on this issue the [[Catholic Church]] spoke for all of Christianity. [[Protestant]]s [[Martin Luther]] and [[John Calvin]] had also both disputed the [[heliocentric]] model<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=JcMCmBnpHGsC&pg=PA155&dq=Galileo+Catholic+Priest&as_brr=3&ei=6BFJSZ2rD5qEkgSgzfSwAg#PPA155,M1 ''The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief''], Francis S. Collins, Simon and Schuster, 2006, ISBN 0743286391, 9780743286398, 294 pages, p. 155</ref>.
'''Galileo Galilei''' (1564-1642), often referred to simply as '''Galileo''', was an [[Italy|Italian]] [[physicist]] and [[astronomer]] who improved the [[telescope]], contributed to the field of [[mechanical]] [[physics]], proposed the [[heliocentrism|heliocentric]] model of [[Copernicus]] as the accurate universal model, and later in life had a famous dispute with the [[Catholic Church]] in which they labeled him a [[heretic]]. The backdrop was the [[Reformation]]. Despite the Church being in a divided state, on this issue the [[Catholic Church]] spoke for all of Christianity. [[Protestant]]s [[Martin Luther]] and [[John Calvin]] had also both disputed the [[heliocentric]] model<ref>[http://books.google.com/books?id=JcMCmBnpHGsC&pg=PA155&dq=Galileo+Catholic+Priest&as_brr=3&ei=6BFJSZ2rD5qEkgSgzfSwAg#PPA155,M1 ''The Language of God: A Scientist Presents Evidence for Belief''], Francis S. Collins, Simon and Schuster, 2006, ISBN 0743286391, 9780743286398, 294 pages, p. 155</ref>.