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==History==
==History==
==Medieval France==
==Medieval France==
See [[Franks]]
See [[Franks]]
==19th century==
==19th century==
[[Image:Renoir Monet pintando en su jardín de Argenteuil.jpg|thumb|right|300px|French art: [[Claude Monet]] by [[Renoir]].]]
Although the revolutionaries advocated republican and egalitarian principles of government, France reverted to forms of absolute rule or constitutional monarchy four times--the Empire of [[Napoleon]], the Restoration of Louis XVIII, the reign of Louis-Philippe, and the '''Second Empire''' of [[Napoleon III]]. After the [[Franco-Prussian War]] (1870), the Third Republic was established and lasted until the military defeat of 1940 at the hands of the Germans.
Although the revolutionaries advocated republican and egalitarian principles of government, France reverted to forms of absolute rule or constitutional monarchy four times--the Empire of [[Napoleon]], the Restoration of Louis XVIII, the reign of Louis-Philippe, and the '''Second Empire''' of [[Napoleon III]]. After the [[Franco-Prussian War]] (1870), the Third Republic was established and lasted until the military defeat of 1940 at the hands of the Germans.
===Railways===
===Railways===